Liquid products from Verbascum stalk by supercritical fluid extraction

Verbascum stalk mill was converted to liquid products by using organic solvents, such as methanol, ethanol and acetone, with catalysts (10% NaOH or ZnCl 2) and without catalyst in an autoclave at temperatures of 533, 553 and 573 K. The liquid products were extracted by liquid–liquid extraction using...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energy conversion and management 2001, Vol.42 (2), p.125-130
Main Authors: Cemek, Mustafa, Küçük, Mehmet M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Biomass
Biomass liquefaction
Energy
Exact sciences and technology
Natural energy
Supercritical fluid extraction
Thermochemical process
Verbascum stalk
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Summary:Verbascum stalk mill was converted to liquid products by using organic solvents, such as methanol, ethanol and acetone, with catalysts (10% NaOH or ZnCl 2) and without catalyst in an autoclave at temperatures of 533, 553 and 573 K. The liquid products were extracted by liquid–liquid extraction using benzene and diethyl ether. The yields from supercritical methanol, ethanol and acetone extractions were 44.4, 43.3 and 60.5 wt%, respectively, at 573 K. In the catalytic runs with methanol and ethanol, the extracts were 52.4 and 44.8% using 10% NaOH and 55.5 and 60.6% using ZnCl 2, respectively, at 573 K. The yields from supercritical methanol increased from 38.2 to 52.4% as the temperature was increased from 533 to 573 K in the catalytic run.
ISSN:0196-8904
1879-2227
DOI:10.1016/S0196-8904(00)00049-2