Toward a Passive Low-Cost In-Home Gait Assessment System for Older Adults

In this paper, we propose a webcam-based system for in-home gait assessment of older adults. A methodology has been developed to extract gait parameters including walking speed, step time, and step length from a 3-D voxel reconstruction, which is built from two calibrated webcam views. The gait para...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics 2013-03, Vol.17 (2), p.346-355
Main Authors: Fang Wang, Stone, E., Skubic, M., Keller, J. M., Abbott, C., Rantz, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged, 80 and over
Computer vision
eldercare technology
Feature extraction
Female
Foot
Gait - physiology
gait analysis
Humans
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods
Internet
Legged locomotion
Male
Middle Aged
Monitoring
Monitoring, Ambulatory - instrumentation
Monitoring, Ambulatory - methods
Older people
passive monitoring
Reproducibility of Results
Risk assessment
Senior citizens
step length
step time
Walking
Walking - physiology
walking speed
webcam
Webcams
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Summary:In this paper, we propose a webcam-based system for in-home gait assessment of older adults. A methodology has been developed to extract gait parameters including walking speed, step time, and step length from a 3-D voxel reconstruction, which is built from two calibrated webcam views. The gait parameters are validated with a GAITRite mat and a Vicon motion capture system in the laboratory with 13 participants and 44 tests, and again with GAITRite for 8 older adults in senior housing. Excellent agreement with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.99 and repeatability coefficients between 0.7% and 6.6% was found for walking speed, step time, and step length given the limitation of frame rate and voxel resolution. The system was further tested with ten seniors in a scripted scenario representing everyday activities in an unstructured environment. The system results demonstrate the capability of being used as a daily gait assessment tool for fall risk assessment and other medical applications. Furthermore, we found that residents displayed different gait patterns during their clinical GAITRite tests compared to the realistic scenario, namely a mean increase of 21% in walking speed, a mean decrease of 12% in step time, and a mean increase of 6% in step length. These findings provide support for continuous gait assessment in the home for capturing habitual gait.
ISSN:2168-2194
2168-2208
DOI:10.1109/JBHI.2012.2233745