Maximum sustainable xylem sap tensions in Rhododendron and other species

The acoustic technique was used in conjunction with the pressure chamber to determine the tensions causing cavitation of xylem sap in leaves of five woody angiosperms (Acer pseudoplatanus L., Alnus glutinosa L. Gaertn., Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Fraxinus excelsior L. and Rhododendron ponticum L.)...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Planta 1985, Vol.163 (1), p.27-33
Main Authors: Crombie, D.S, Milburn, J.A, Hipkins, M.F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorption. Translocation of ions and substances. Permeability
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Audio frequencies
Biological and medical sciences
Cavitation flow
Economic plant physiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Herbs
Leaves
Nutrition. Photosynthesis. Respiration. Metabolism
Plant physiology and development
Plants
Pressure chambers
Rhododendron
Sap
tension
Turgor pressure
Water and solutes. Absorption, translocation and permeability
Water pressure
woody plants
Xylem
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Summary:The acoustic technique was used in conjunction with the pressure chamber to determine the tensions causing cavitation of xylem sap in leaves of five woody angiosperms (Acer pseudoplatanus L., Alnus glutinosa L. Gaertn., Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Fraxinus excelsior L. and Rhododendron ponticum L.) and three species of herbs (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill., Plantago major L. and Ricinus communis L.). The results showed leaves of most species to suffer considerably from cavitation at sap tensions of 1.6—3 MPa. Two of the herbs, Lycopersicum and Ricinus, cavitated extensively at sap tensions below 1 MPa. Additional evidence is presented that clicks, detected by acoustic amplification, are caused by cavitation of sap in the xylem conduits. A rapid method is suggested for the determination of sap tensions in cavitating leaves and which is suitable for surveys of the critical sap tension in a large number of species.
ISSN:0032-0935
1432-2048
DOI:10.1007/BF00395893