Enteroviral myocarditis in neonates

Enteroviruses are a leading cause of viral infections in children. While most enteroviral infections are mild and self‐limiting, severe disease such as a viral sepsis syndrome, myocarditis, hepatitis and meningoencephalitis may occur. We present two cases of neonatal enteroviral myocarditis. Cardior...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of paediatrics and child health 2013-09, Vol.49 (9), p.E451-E454
Main Authors: Schlapbach, Luregn J, Ersch, Joerg, Balmer, Christian, Prêtre, René, Tomaske, Maren, Caduff, Rosmarie, Morwood, Jim, Provenzano, Sylvio, Stocker, Christian
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cardiovascular system
Children
coxsackievirus
Coxsackievirus B3
Coxsackievirus Infections - complications
Coxsackievirus Infections - diagnosis
enterovirus
Enterovirus Infections - complications
Enterovirus Infections - diagnosis
Enterovirus Infections - therapy
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Fatal Outcome
Female
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Male
Medical treatment
myocarditis
Myocarditis - diagnosis
Myocarditis - therapy
Myocarditis - virology
neonate
Newborn babies
Respiratory Insufficiency - diagnosis
Respiratory Insufficiency - therapy
Respiratory Insufficiency - virology
Viral infections
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Summary:Enteroviruses are a leading cause of viral infections in children. While most enteroviral infections are mild and self‐limiting, severe disease such as a viral sepsis syndrome, myocarditis, hepatitis and meningoencephalitis may occur. We present two cases of neonatal enteroviral myocarditis. Cardiorespiratory failure occurred in both cases, and severe shock refractory to conventional treatment required support with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). One child with coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis failed to recover and died after 3 weeks on ECMO, while one child could be decannulated successfully after 9 days of ECMO and recovered completely subsequently. In conclusion, neonatal myocarditis has a very high mortality, and ECMO should be considered early in neonates with rapid clinical and echocardiographic deterioration despite adequate inotropic support.
ISSN:1034-4810
1440-1754
DOI:10.1111/jpc.12248