Prospective Antiretroviral Treatment of Asymptomatic, HIV-1 Infected Controllers: e1003691

The study of HIV-infected "controllers" who are able to maintain low levels of plasma HIV RNA in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may provide insights for HIV cure and vaccine strategies. Despite maintaining very low levels of plasma viremia, controllers have elevated immune act...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PLoS pathogens 2013-10, Vol.9 (10)
Main Authors: Hatano, Hiroyu, Yukl, Steven A, Ferre, April L, Graf, Erin H, Somsouk, Ma, Sinclair, Elizabeth, Abdel-Mohsen, Mohamed, Liegler, Teri, Harvill, Kara, Hoh, Rebecca, Palmer, Sarah, Bacchetti, Peter, Hunt, Peter W, Martin, Jeffrey N, McCune, Joseph M, Tracy, Russell P, Busch, Michael P, Shacklett, Barbara L, Wong, Joseph K, Deeks, Steven G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIDS
Antiretroviral drugs
Drug therapy
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Human immunodeficiency virus 1
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Summary:The study of HIV-infected "controllers" who are able to maintain low levels of plasma HIV RNA in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may provide insights for HIV cure and vaccine strategies. Despite maintaining very low levels of plasma viremia, controllers have elevated immune activation and accelerated atherosclerosis. However, the degree to which low-level replication contributes to these phenomena is not known. Sixteen asymptomatic controllers were prospectively treated with ART for 24 weeks. Controllers had a statistically significant decrease in ultrasensitive plasma and rectal HIV RNA levels with ART. Markers of T cell activation/dysfunction in blood and gut mucosa also decreased substantially with ART. Similar reductions were observed in the subset of "elite" controllers with pre-ART plasma HIV RNA levels below conventional assays (
ISSN:1553-7366
1553-7374
DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003691