Methyl Parathion: A Review of Health Effects

Methyl parathion is an organophosphorus (OP) insecticide with insecticidal properties derived from acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition; this same property is also the root of its toxicity in humans. Poisoning with methyl parathion leads to cholinergic overstimulation with signs of toxicity includ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews Critical reviews, 2003-03, Vol.6 (2), p.185-210
Main Authors: Garcia, Stephanie, Abu-Qare, Aqel, Meeker-O'Connell, Winifred, Borton, Anita, Abou-Donia, Mohamed
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Diarrhea - chemically induced
Disease Models, Animal
Dizziness - chemically induced
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Heart Arrest - chemically induced
Humans
Inactivation, Metabolic
Insecticides - chemistry
Insecticides - metabolism
Insecticides - poisoning
Metabolic Clearance Rate
Methyl Parathion - chemistry
Methyl Parathion - metabolism
Methyl Parathion - poisoning
Neurotoxicity Syndromes - etiology
Poisoning - epidemiology
Poisoning - prevention & control
Respiratory Insufficiency - chemically induced
Seizures - chemically induced
Skin Absorption
Sweating - drug effects
Tissue Distribution
United States - epidemiology
Vomiting - chemically induced
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Summary:Methyl parathion is an organophosphorus (OP) insecticide with insecticidal properties derived from acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition; this same property is also the root of its toxicity in humans. Poisoning with methyl parathion leads to cholinergic overstimulation with signs of toxicity including sweating, dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, and, in extreme cases, death. Reports of methyl parathion intoxication, usually seen only in field pesticide applicators, have increased throughout the United States as a result of unauthorized application of methyl parathion inside homes. The health concerns of the use of methyl parathion have resulted in cancellation of its use in most food crops in the United States. This review examines the well-documented neurotoxicity of methyl parathion as well as effects on other organ systems.
ISSN:1093-7404
1521-6950
DOI:10.1080/10937400306471