Diabetes mellitus and corticotherapy as risk factors for alendronate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: A study in Wistar rats

Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of diabetes and corticotherapy on the development of osteonecrosis of the jaws associated with sodium alendronate. Methods Rats were allocated into 4 groups of 11 animals each, representing different treatments: (1) alendronate; (...

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Published in:Head & neck 2014-01, Vol.36 (1), p.84-93
Main Authors: Berti-Couto, Soraya A., Vasconcelos, Ana Carolina U., Iglesias, Júlia E., Figueiredo, Maria Antonia Z., Salum, Fernanda G., Cherubini, Karen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adrenal Cortex Hormones - adverse effects
Adrenal Cortex Hormones - pharmacology
alendronate
Alendronate - adverse effects
Alendronate - pharmacology
Animals
Biopsy, Needle
Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw - etiology
Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw - pathology
bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ)
bisphosphonates
Bone Density Conservation Agents - adverse effects
Bone Density Conservation Agents - pharmacology
corticotherapy
diabetes mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - pathology
Disease Models, Animal
Immunohistochemistry
Random Allocation
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Reference Values
Risk Factors
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Summary:Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of diabetes and corticotherapy on the development of osteonecrosis of the jaws associated with sodium alendronate. Methods Rats were allocated into 4 groups of 11 animals each, representing different treatments: (1) alendronate; (2) alendronate and corticotherapy; (3) alendronate and diabetes; and (4) control. Tooth extractions were performed in all animals, and histological analysis was performed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry using anti‐bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐4 and anti‐matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐13 antibodies. Results On hematoxylin and eosin analysis, proportions of inflammatory infiltrate, microbial colonies, and osteonecrosis were significantly greater in the diabetes group. BMP‐4 expression in connective tissue was higher in the corticosteroid group than the alendronate group. There were no significant differences between the other groups. MMP‐13 expression did not differ between the groups analyzed. Conclusion Diabetes but not corticotherapy is associated with jaw osteonecrosis in rats undergoing alendronate therapy and subjected to tooth extractions. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 84–93, 2014
ISSN:1043-3074
1097-0347
DOI:10.1002/hed.23260