Paenibacillus beijingensis sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing species isolated from wheat rhizosphere soil

• Published in: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2013-11, Vol.104 (5), p.675-683
• Main Authors: Wang, Li-Ying, Li, Ji, Li, Qing X., Chen, San-Feng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aerobiosis; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Carbon - metabolism; Cluster Analysis; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA, Bacterial - chemistry; DNA, Bacterial - genetics; DNA, Ribosomal - chemistry; DNA, Ribosomal - genetics; Fatty Acids - analysis; Life Sciences; Lipids; Locomotion; Medical Microbiology; Microbiology; Molecular Sequence Data; Nitrogen; Nitrogen - metabolism; Nitrogen fixation; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Oxidoreductases; Paenibacillus; Paenibacillus - classification; Paenibacillus - genetics; Paenibacillus - isolation & purification; Paenibacillus - physiology; Paenibacillus jamilae; Paenibacillus polymyxa; Phospholipids - analysis; Phylogeny; Plant Sciences; Review Paper; Rhizosphere; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Soil Science & Conservation; Soils; Triticum - microbiology; Triticum aestivum; Wheat
• ISSN: 0003-6072; 1572-9699
• DOI: 10.1007/s10482-013-9974-5

A novel nitrogen-fixing bacterium, BJ-18 T , was isolated from wheat rhizosphere soil. Strain BJ-18 T was observed to be Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, motile and rod-shaped (0.4–0.9 μm × 2.0–2.9 μm). Phylogenetic analysis based on a partial nifH gene sequence and an assay for nitrogenase activity showed its nitrogen-fixing capacity. Phylogenetic analysis based on full 16S rRNA gene sequences suggested that strain BJ-18 T is a member of the genus Paenibacillus . High similarity of 16S rRNA gene sequence was found between BJ-18 T and Paenibacillus peoriae DSM 8320 T (99.05 %), Paenibacillus jamilae DSM 13815 T (98.86 %), Paenibacillus brasiliensis DSM 13188 T (98.55 %), Paenibacillus polymyxa DSM 36 T (98.74 %), Paenibacillus terrae DSM 15891 T (97.99 %) and Paenibacillus kribbensis JCM 11465 T (97.92 %), whereas the similarity was below 96.0 % between BJ-18 T and the other Paenibacillus species. DNA–DNA relatedness between strain BJ-18 T and P. peoriae DSM 8320 T , P. jamilae DSM 13815 T , P. brasiliensis DSM 13188 T , P. polymyxa DSM 36 T , P. kribbensis JCM 11465 T and P. terrae DSM 15891 T was determined to be 43.6 ± 2.7, 34.2 ± 5.3, 47.9 ± 6.6, 36.8 ± 3.5, 27.4 ± 4.3 and 23.6 ± 4.1 % respectively. The DNA G+C content of BJ-18 T was determined to be 45.8 mol %. The major fatty acid was identified as anteiso-C 15:0 (67.1 %). The polar lipids present in strain BJ-18 T were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidyl methylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, and DNA–DNA relatedness data, suggest that BJ-18 T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus , for which the name Paenibacillus beijingensis sp. nov. (Type strain BJ-18 T =DSM25425 T =CGMCC 1.12045 T ) is proposed.