In situ growth of nanoparticles through control of non-stoichiometry

Surfaces decorated with uniformly dispersed catalytically active nanoparticles play a key role in many fields, including renewable energy and catalysis. Typically, these structures are prepared by deposition techniques, but alternatively they could be made by growing the nanoparticles in situ direct...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature chemistry 2013-11, Vol.5 (11), p.916-923
Main Authors: Neagu, Dragos, Tsekouras, George, Miller, David N., Ménard, Hervé, Irvine, John T. S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/638/77/886
639/925/357/551
Analytical Chemistry
Biochemistry
Catalysis
Chemistry
Chemistry/Food Science
Inorganic Chemistry
Laboratories
Nanoparticles
Nanoparticles - chemistry
Nanotechnology - methods
Organic Chemistry
Particle size
Physical Chemistry
Renewable energy
Surface Properties
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Summary:Surfaces decorated with uniformly dispersed catalytically active nanoparticles play a key role in many fields, including renewable energy and catalysis. Typically, these structures are prepared by deposition techniques, but alternatively they could be made by growing the nanoparticles in situ directly from the (porous) backbone support. Here we demonstrate that growing nano-size phases from perovskites can be controlled through judicious choice of composition, particularly by tuning deviations from the ideal ABO 3 stoichiometry. This non-stoichiometry facilitates a change in equilibrium position to make particle exsolution much more dynamic, enabling the preparation of compositionally diverse nanoparticles (that is, metallic, oxides or mixtures) and seems to afford unprecedented control over particle size, distribution and surface anchorage. The phenomenon is also shown to be influenced strongly by surface reorganization characteristics. The concept exemplified here may serve in the design and development of more sophisticated oxide materials with advanced functionality across a range of possible domains of application. Surfaces decorated with nanoparticles are typically prepared by depositing particles on the substrate. Instead, particles have now been grown in situ directly from perovskites, by exsolution through judicious tuning of the materials’ compositions, particularly their nonstoichiometry. This approach enables control over particle composition, size, surface coverage and anchorage.
ISSN:1755-4330
1755-4349
DOI:10.1038/nchem.1773