The Tracing of Mycobacteria in Drinking Water Supply Systems by Culture, Conventional, and Real Time PCRs

Mycobacteria are widely present in diverse aquatic habitats, where they can survive for months or years while some species can even proliferate. The resistance of different mycobacterial species to disinfection methods like chlorination or ozonation could result in their presence in the final tap wa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current microbiology 2013-12, Vol.67 (6), p.725-731
Main Authors: Klanicova, Barbora, Seda, Jaromir, Slana, Iva, Slany, Michal, Pavlik, Ivo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic habitats
Bacteria
Bacteriological Techniques
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Czech Republic
Dams
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Drinking water
Drinking Water - microbiology
Households
Life Sciences
Microbiology
Mycobacterium avium
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria - isolation & purification
Ozonation
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Prevalence
Reservoirs
Sediments
Sludge
Water conveyance
Water Supply
Water treatment
Water treatment plants
Watersheds
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Summary:Mycobacteria are widely present in diverse aquatic habitats, where they can survive for months or years while some species can even proliferate. The resistance of different mycobacterial species to disinfection methods like chlorination or ozonation could result in their presence in the final tap water of consumers. In this study, the culture method, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex conventional duplex PCR for detection of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) to detect three subspecies of M. avium species ( M. a. avium , M. a. hominissuis , and M. a. paratuberculosis ) were used to trace their possible path of transmission from the watershed through the reservoir and drinking water plant to raw drinking water and finally to households. A total of 124 samples from four drinking water supply systems in the Czech Republic, 52 dam sediments, 34 water treatment plant sludge samples, and 38 tap water household sediments, were analyzed. NTM of 11 different species were isolated by culture from 42 (33.9 %) samples; the most prevalent were M. gordonae (16.7 %), M. triplex (14.3 %), M. lentiflavum (9.5 %), M. a. avium (7.1 %), M. montefiorenase (7.1 %), and M. nonchromogenicum (7.1 %). NTM DNA was detected in 92 (76.7 %) samples. By qPCR analysis a statistically significant decrease ( P  
ISSN:0343-8651
1432-0991
DOI:10.1007/s00284-013-0427-1