Value of melanocytic-associated immunohistochemical markers in the diagnosis of malignant melanoma: a review and update

Summary Since the identification of S100 protein as an immunohistochemical marker that could be useful in the diagnosis of melanoma in the early 1980s, a large number of other melanocytic-associated markers that could potentially be used to assist in the differential diagnosis of these tumors have a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Human pathology 2014-02, Vol.45 (2), p.191-205
Main Author: Ordóñez, Nelson G., MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies, Monoclonal - analysis
Biomarkers, Tumor - analysis
CD146 Antigen - analysis
gp100 Melanoma Antigen
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Interferon Regulatory Factors - immunology
KBA.62
MART-1 Antigen - immunology
Melan A
Melanocytes - immunology
Melanoma
Melanoma - diagnosis
Melanoma - immunology
Melanoma - metabolism
Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant
Melanoma-Specific Antigens - analysis
Melanoma-Specific Antigens - immunology
Microphthalmia transcription factor
Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor - immunology
Monophenol Monooxygenase - immunology
Nerve Tissue Proteins - analysis
Nerve Tissue Proteins - immunology
Pathology
PNL2
Proteins
Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1 - analysis
Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1 - immunology
Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor - analysis
Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor - immunology
S100 Proteins - immunology
Skin cancer
Skin Neoplasms
SOX10
SOXE Transcription Factors - analysis
SOXE Transcription Factors - immunology
Studies
Tetraspanin 30 - analysis
Tetraspanin 30 - immunology
Tumors
Tyrosinase
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Summary:Summary Since the identification of S100 protein as an immunohistochemical marker that could be useful in the diagnosis of melanoma in the early 1980s, a large number of other melanocytic-associated markers that could potentially be used to assist in the differential diagnosis of these tumors have also been investigated. A great variation exists, however, among these markers, not only in their expression in some subtypes of melanoma, particularly desmoplastic melanoma, but also in their specificity because some of them can also be expressed in nonmelanocytic neoplasms, including various types of soft tissue tumors and carcinomas. This article reviews the information that is currently available on the practical value of some of the markers that have more often been recommended for assisting in the diagnosis of melanomas, including those that have only recently become available.
ISSN:0046-8177
1532-8392
DOI:10.1016/j.humpath.2013.02.007