Presence and seasonal variation of deep diving foraging odontocetes around Kauai, Hawaii using remote autonomous acoustic recorders

• Published in: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2014-01, Vol.135 (1), p.521-530
• Main Authors: Au, Whitlow W L, Giorli, Giacomo, Chen, Jessica, Copeland, Adrienne, Lammers, Marc O, Richlen, Michael, Jarvis, Susan, Morrissey, Ronald, Moretti, David
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acoustics - instrumentation; Animals; Diving; Dolphins - classification; Dolphins - physiology; Dolphins - psychology; Environmental Monitoring - instrumentation; Equipment Design; Feeding Behavior; Hawaii; Humans; Oceans and Seas; Population Density; Reproducibility of Results; Seasons; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; Sound Spectrography; Species Specificity; Time Factors; Transducers; Vocalization, Animal; Whales - classification; Whales - physiology; Whales - psychology
• ISSN: 0001-4966; 1520-8524
• DOI: 10.1121/1.4836575

Ecological acoustic recorders (EARs) were moored off the bottom in relatively deep depths (609-710 m) at five locations around the island of Kauai. Initially, the EARs had an analog-to-digital sample rate of 64 kHz with 30-s recordings every 5 min. After the second deployment the sampling rate was increased to 80 kHz in order to better record beaked whale biosonar signals. The results of the 80 kHz recording are discussed in this manuscript and are the results of three deployments over a year's period (January 2010 to January 2011). Five categories of the biosonar signal detection of deep diving odontocetes were created, short-finned pilot whales, sperm whales, beaked whales, Risso's dolphins, and unknown dolphins. During any given day, at least one species of these deep diving odontocetes were detected. On many days, several species were detected. The biosonar signals of short-finned pilot whales were detected the most often with approximately 30% of all the signals, followed by beaked and sperm whales approximately 22% and 21% of all clicks, respectively. The seasonal patterns were not very strong except in the SW location with distinct peak in detection during the months of April-June 2010 period.