Counteracting urban climate change: adaptation measures and their effect on thermal comfort

Cities represent thermal load areas compared with their surrounding environments. Due to climate change, summer heat events will increase. Therefore, mitigation and adaptation are needed. In this study, meteorological measurements in various local climate zones were performed to demonstrate the infl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Theoretical and applied climatology 2014, Vol.115 (1-2), p.243-257
Main Authors: Müller, Nicole, Kuttler, Wilhelm, Barlag, Andreas-Bent
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation
Applied sciences
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Atmospheric Sciences
Buildings. Public works
Climate change
Climatology
Climatology. Bioclimatology. Climate change
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Evaporation
Evapotranspiration
Exact sciences and technology
External geophysics
Global temperature changes
Meteorology
Neighborhoods
Original Paper
Thermal comfort
Urban areas
Urban climatology
Urban development
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
Water supply
Wind speed
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Summary:Cities represent thermal load areas compared with their surrounding environments. Due to climate change, summer heat events will increase. Therefore, mitigation and adaptation are needed. In this study, meteorological measurements in various local climate zones were performed to demonstrate the influence of evaporation surfaces and other factors on thermal comfort, as determined by the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET). Furthermore, a quantification of the thermal effects of several adaptation measures and varying meteorological parameters was made using model simulations (ENVI-met) in an inner-city neighborhood (Oberhausen, Germany). The results show that the most effective adaptation measure was increased wind speed (maximal 15 K PET reduction). Moreover, vegetation areas show greater PET reductions by the combination of shading and evapotranspiration than water surfaces. The creation of park areas with sufficient water supply and tall, isolated, shade-providing trees that allow for adequate ventilation can be recommended for planning.
ISSN:0177-798X
1434-4483
DOI:10.1007/s00704-013-0890-4