Low Core-Mantle Boundary Temperature Inferred from the Solidus of Pyrolite

The melting temperature of Earth's mantle provides key constraints on the thermal structures of both the mantle and the core. Through high-pressure experiments and three-dimensional x-ray microtomographic imaging, we showed that the solidus temperature of a primitive (pyrolitic) mantle is as lo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2014-01, Vol.343 (6170), p.522-525
Main Authors: Nomura, Ryuichi, Hirose, Kei, Uesugi, Kentaro, Ohishi, Yasuo, Tsuchiyama, Akira, Miyake, Akira, Ueno, Yuichiro
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Boundary layer
Climate
Continental dynamics
Core mantle boundary
Cosmic microwave background radiation
Earth
Earth science
Liquidus
Lower mantle
Mantle
Melting
Outer cores
Perovskites
Solidus
Temperature
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Summary:The melting temperature of Earth's mantle provides key constraints on the thermal structures of both the mantle and the core. Through high-pressure experiments and three-dimensional x-ray microtomographic imaging, we showed that the solidus temperature of a primitive (pyrolitic) mantle is as low as 3570 ± 200 kelvin at pressures expected near the boundary between the mantle and the outer core. Because the lowermost mantle is not globally molten, this provides an upper bound of the temperature at the core-mantle boundary (TCMB). Such remarkably low TCMB implies that the post-perovskite phase is present in wide areas of the lowermost mantle. The low TCMB also requires that the melting temperature of the outer core is depressed largely by impurities such as hydrogen.
ISSN:0036-8075
1095-9203
DOI:10.1126/science.1248186