Wollastonite toxicity: an update

• Published in: Inhalation toxicology 2014-02, Vol.26 (2), p.95-112
• Main Authors: Maxim, L. Daniel, Niebo, Ron, Utell, Mark J., McConnell, E. E., LaRosa, Salvatore, Segrave, Alan M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air Pollutants - toxicity; Animals; Bioceramics; biocompatibility; biopersistence; Calcium Compounds - toxicity; epidemiology; health surveillance; Humans; Lung Diseases - chemically induced; occupational exposure; Silicates - toxicity; toxicity; wollastonite
• ISSN: 0895-8378; 1091-7691
• DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2013.857372

Abstract This review updates earlier work addressing the epidemiology and toxicity of wollastonite. Earlier chronic animal bioassay and human mortality data were inadequate (IARC term) or negative and no new studies of these types have been published. Wollastonite has been determined to have low biopersistence in both in vivo and in vitro studies, which probably accounts for its relative lack of toxicity. Earlier morbidity studies of mining/mineral processing facilities in Finland and New York State indicated that exposure to wollastonite might result in pleural plaques (Finland) or decrements in certain measures of lung function (New York). More recent analysis of data from an ongoing health surveillance program at one facility (New York) indicates that there are no pleural plaques or interstitial lung disease or decrements in lung function among never smokers or former smokers occupationally exposed to wollastonite. This result probably reflects continued reduction in exposures as part of an ongoing product stewardship program at this facility and suggests that wollastonite has relatively low toxicity as currently managed.