Asterosaponins from the Starfish Astropecten monacanthus Suppress Growth and Induce Apoptosis in HL-60, PC-3, and SNU-C5 Human Cancer Cell Lines

• Published in: Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 2014/02/01, Vol.37(2), pp.315-321
• Main Authors: Thao, Nguyen Phuong, Luyen, Bui Thi Thuy, Kim, Eun-Ji, Kang, Hee-Kyoung, Kim, Sohyun, Cuong, Nguyen Xuan, Nam, Nguyen Hoai, Kiem, Phan Van, Minh, Chau Van, Kim, Young Ho
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use; apoptosis; Apoptosis - drug effects; asterosaponin; Astropecten monacanthus; Biological Products - pharmacology; Biological Products - therapeutic use; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Colorectal Neoplasms - drug therapy; Colorectal Neoplasms - metabolism; cytotoxic; Down-Regulation; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases - metabolism; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute - drug therapy; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute - metabolism; Male; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 - metabolism; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 - metabolism; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase - metabolism; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism; Prostatic Neoplasms - drug therapy; Prostatic Neoplasms - metabolism; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - metabolism; Saponins - pharmacology; Saponins - therapeutic use; Signal Transduction; starfish; Starfish - chemistry
• ISSN: 0918-6158; 1347-5215
• DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b13-00705

Using various chromatographic experiments, six asterosaponins (1−6) were isolated from the MeOH extract of the Vietnamese starfish Astropecten monacanthus. The cytotoxic activities of the MeOH extract and six asterosaponins were evaluated on three human cancer cell lines, HL-60 (promyelocytic leukemia), PC-3 (prostate cancer), and SNU-C5 (colorectal cancer). Relative to the effects of the postitive control mitoxantrone, the MeOH extract (with IC50 values ranging from 0.84±0.03 to 3.96±0.14 µg/mL) and astrosterioside D (5) (with IC50 values ranging from 4.31±0.07 to 5.21±0.15 µ M ) exhibited potent cytotoxic effects against all three tested human cancer cell lines. In addition, the MeOH extract and astrosterioside D (5) have an effect on leading to apoptosis. Interestingly, the apoptosis of induction was accompanied by down-regulation of phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, and decrease of c-myc expression. Further studies are required to establish use of the asterosaponins from A. monacanthus as remedial and/or nutraceutical purposes.