The effect of body mass index on optimal vitamin D status in U.S. adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2006

Abstract Objectives To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and optimal vitamin D status in U.S. adults. Methods Data on 12,927 adults 18 years and older participating in National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2001–2006 were used. Serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of epidemiology 2013-07, Vol.23 (7), p.409-414
Main Authors: Samuel, Lalitha, PhD, Borrell, Luisa N., DDS, PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
25-hydroxy vitamin D
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Body Mass Index
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Humans
Internal Medicine
Male
Middle Aged
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Nutrition Surveys
Obesity - epidemiology
Prevalence
Race/ethnicity
Regression Analysis
Socioeconomic Factors
United States - epidemiology
Vitamin D
Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives
Vitamin D - blood
Vitamin D Deficiency - blood
Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract Objectives To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and optimal vitamin D status in U.S. adults. Methods Data on 12,927 adults 18 years and older participating in National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2001–2006 were used. Serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D 30 ng/mL or greater was used as a measure of vitamin D sufficiency. Log-binomial regression was used to estimate the strength of the association between BMI categories and the prevalence of vitamin D sufficiency before and after adjusting for selected characteristics. Results After adjustment, overweight and obese individuals were 24% and 55%, respectively, less likely to have a 25-hydroxy vitamin D level of 30 ng/mL or greater compared with their normal-weight counterparts. Conclusions Our findings call attention to the importance of identifying individuals at risk for vitamin D insufficiency and its potential adverse health outcomes because the latter may increase health disparities in the U.S. population. If vitamin D insufficiency is implicated for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, a vitamin D supplementation regimen would need to be readdressed, especially for segments of the U.S. population with greater BMIs.
ISSN:1047-2797
1873-2585
DOI:10.1016/j.annepidem.2013.05.011