New sources of resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum for crucifer crops

• Published in: Field crops research 2013-12, Vol.154, p.40-52
• Main Authors: Uloth, Margaret B., You, Ming Pei, Finnegan, Patrick M., Banga, Surinder S., Banga, Shashi K., Sandhu, Prabhjot S., Yi, Huang, Salisbury, Phillip A., Barbetti, Martin J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Brassica napus; Brassica nigra; Brassica rapa; Camelina sativa; chemical control; crops; cultivars; Diplotaxis; Diplotaxis tenuifolia; disease control; Eruca; Eruca vesicaria; forage; Forage Brassica; genome; genotype; introgression; leaves; markets; Oilseed Brassica; Oilseed rape; pathogens; radishes; Raphanus raphanistrum; Raphanus sativus; Rapistrum rugosum; Sclerotinia; Sclerotinia rot; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; Sclerotinia stem rot; Sinapis arvensis; Sisymbrium; Sisymbrium irio; stems
• ISSN: 0378-4290; 1872-6852
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.07.013

•High-level resistance to Sclerotina identified across diverse cruciferous spp.•Stem and leaf resistance are under separate genetic control.•Species value as a resistance source depends upon number of genotypes tested.•Resistances identified allow new disease-resistant commercial cruciferous crops. Current management of Sclerotinia rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) relies heavily upon cultural and chemical control options that provide, at best, only partial, sometimes sporadic control and can be cost prohibitive. Effective host resistance to S. sclerotiorum is urgently needed if Sclerotinia rot is to be successfully managed across diverse oilseed, forage and vegetable crucifer crops worldwide. Differences in resistance across 127 diverse cruciferous genotypes to S. sclerotiorum in one experiment, and a set of 55 Brassica napus lines carrying one or more B. carinata B genome introgressions in a second experiment, were assessed by field-inoculation of stems and natural ascospore infection. Reactions on B. fruticulosa, B. oxyrrhina, B. parachinensis, B. tournefortii, Camelina sativa, Carrichtera annua, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, Eruca vesicaria, Hirschfeldia incana, Raphanus raphanistrum, Raphanus sativus, Rapistrum rugosum, Sinapis arvensis and Sisymbrium irio to this pathogen are reported for the first time. Among these, and across other species previously explored, including B. carinata, B. napus, B. juncea, B. rapa, B. cretica, B. incana, B. insularis, B. nigra, and B. montana, responses ranged from highly resistant (stem lesion length 2mm) to highly susceptible (155mm). Against a highly virulent and prevailing pathogen pathotype, R. raphanistrum RRA 41, B. napus Mystic, B. carinata BRA 926/78, B. carinata 054113, R. sativus Krasnodar. Market B, B. carinata PI 193459 and R. raphanistrum WARR 20 all showed very high-level resistance, with stem lesion length