The adjuvant effect of MF59 is due to the oil-in-water emulsion formulation, none of the individual components induce a comparable adjuvant effect

Highlights • We dissect the mechanism of MF59, an adjuvant used in human vaccines. • We set to identify its putative adjuvant-active ingredient(s). • Span85 has immunostimulatory activity, but is not sufficient for adjuvanticity. • Only the formulated emulsion induces all hallmarks of innate and ada...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccine 2013-07, Vol.31 (33), p.3363-3369
Main Authors: Calabro, Samuele, Tritto, Elaine, Pezzotti, Annamaria, Taccone, Marianna, Muzzi, Alessandro, Bertholet, Sylvie, De Gregorio, Ennio, O’Hagan, Derek T, Baudner, Barbara, Seubert, Anja
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive Immunity
Adjuvanticity
Adjuvants, Immunologic - chemistry
Adjuvants, Immunologic - pharmacology
Allergy and Immunology
Animals
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Antigen Presentation - drug effects
Antigens
Applied microbiology
Atoms & subatomic particles
Biological and medical sciences
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
cell movement
citrates
Cytokines
Emulsion
Emulsions
Emulsions - chemistry
Emulsions - pharmacology
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
genes
Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
Hexoses - pharmacology
Humans
Immune system
Immunity, Innate
immunostimulants
influenza
Influenza Vaccines - pharmacology
injection site
Lymph nodes
Lymph Nodes - drug effects
Lymph Nodes - immunology
Lymphocyte Activation
Macrophages - immunology
Mechanism of action
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Microbiology
Monocytes - immunology
muscles
oils
Particle size
polysorbates
Polysorbates - chemistry
Polysorbates - pharmacology
Software
squalene
Squalene - chemistry
Squalene - pharmacology
Studies
Surfactants
transcriptome
Transcriptome - drug effects
Vaccine adjuvant
vaccine adjuvants
Vaccines
Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies (general aspects)
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Summary:Highlights • We dissect the mechanism of MF59, an adjuvant used in human vaccines. • We set to identify its putative adjuvant-active ingredient(s). • Span85 has immunostimulatory activity, but is not sufficient for adjuvanticity. • Only the formulated emulsion induces all hallmarks of innate and adaptive immunity. • MF59 is probably sensed due to its particulate nature.
ISSN:0264-410X
1873-2518
DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.05.007