Soil erosion and its response to the changes of precipitation and vegetation cover on the Loess Plateau

• Published in: Journal of geographical sciences 2013-12, Vol.23 (6), p.1091-1106
• Main Authors: Sun, Wenyi, Shao, Quanqin, Liu, Jiyuan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Asia; Bgi / Prodig; China; Climate change; Earth and Environmental Science; Geographical Information Systems/Cartography; Geography; Global warming; Gullies; Mountain regions; Nature Conservation; Physical Geography; Precipitation; Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry; Soil erosion; Terrestrial ecosystems; Vegetation; Vegetation cover; 丘陵沟壑区; 中国黄土高原; 土壤侵蚀; 宁夏回族自治区; 植被变化; 水土流失; 通用土壤流失方程; 降水
• ISSN: 1009-637X; 1861-9568
• DOI: 10.1007/s11442-013-1065-z

Soil erosion is a major threat to our terrestrial ecosystems and an important global environmental problem. The Loess Plateau in China is one of the regions that suffered more severe soil erosion and undergoing climate warming and drying in the past decades. The vegetation restoration named Grain-to-Green Program has now been operating for more than 10 years. It is necessary to assess the variation of soil erosion and the response of precipita- tion and vegetation restoration to soil erosion on the Loess Plateau. In the study, the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation （RUSLE） was applied to evaluate annual soil loss caused by water erosion. The results showed as follows. The soil erosion on the Loess Plateau between 2000 and 2010 averaged for 15.2 t hm-2 a 1 and was characterized as light for the value less than 25 t hm-2 a-1. The severe soil erosion higher than 25 t hm-2 a-~ was mainly distributed in the gully and hilly regions in the central, southwestern, and some scattered areas of earth-rocky mountainous areas on the Loess Plateau. The soil erosion on the Loess Plateau showed a deceasing trend in recent decade and reduced more at rates more than 1 t hm 2 a 1 in the areas suffering severe soil loss. Benefited from the improved vegetation cover and ecological construction, the soil erosion on the Loess Plateau was significantly declined, es- pecially in the east of Yulin, most parts of Yah＇an prefectures in Shaanxi Province, and the west of Luliang and Linfen prefectures in Shanxi Province in the hilly and gully regions. The variation of vegetation cover responding to soil erosion in these areas showed the relatively higher contribution than the precipitation. However, most areas in Qingyang and Dingxi pre- fectures in Gansu Province and Guyuan in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region were predomi- nantly related to precipitation.