Effects of the audiovisual conflict on auditory early processes

• Published in: International journal of psychophysiology 2013-07, Vol.89 (1), p.115-122
• Main Authors: Scannella, Sébastien, Causse, Mickaël, Chauveau, Nicolas, Pastor, Josette, Dehais, Frédéric
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acoustic Stimulation; Adult; Aircraft; Audiovisual conflict; Auditory Perception - physiology; Aviation; Aviation safety; Behavioral psychophysiology; Biological and medical sciences; Computer Simulation; Conflict (Psychology); Data Interpretation, Statistical; Early gating; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials, Auditory - physiology; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Male; N100; Photic Stimulation; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychology. Psychophysiology; Psychomotor Performance - physiology; Reaction Time - physiology; Software; Young Adult
• ISSN: 0167-8760; 1872-7697
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2013.06.009

Auditory alarm misperception is one of the critical events that lead aircraft pilots to an erroneous flying decision. The rarity of these alarms associated with their possible unreliability may play a role in this misperception. In order to investigate this hypothesis, we manipulated both audiovisual conflict and sound rarity in a simplified landing task. Behavioral data and event related potentials (ERPs) of thirteen healthy participants were analyzed. We found that the presentation of a rare auditory signal (i.e. an alarm), incongruent with visual information, led to a smaller amplitude of the auditory N100 (i.e. less negative) compared to the condition in which both signals were congruent. Moreover, the incongruity between the visual information and the rare sound did not significantly affect reaction times, suggesting that the rare sound was neglected. We propose that the lower N100 amplitude reflects an early visual-to-auditory gating that depends on the rarity of the sound. In complex aircraft environments, this early effect might be partly responsible for auditory alarm insensitivity. Our results provide a new basis for future aeronautic studies and the development of countermeasures. •The audiovisual conflict induces a reaction time cost for a frequent sound only.•The audiovisual conflict modulates the rare sound-related N100 only.•A visual-to-auditory gating system may be responsible for the N100 modulations.•The N100 modulation partly explains the alarm misperception in aeronautics.