Are Infants Unique in Their Ability to be “Functionally Cured” of HIV-1?

The recent report of an infant that appears to have achieved a “functional cure” of HIV-1 following receipt of antiretroviral therapy (ART) within 30 hours of birth raises many questions: was the child infected? Was this result due to unique features of this particular infant’s immune system, the im...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current HIV/AIDS reports 2014-03, Vol.11 (1), p.1-10
Main Authors: Tobin, Nicole H., Aldrovandi, Grace M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptive Immunity - immunology
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Disease Reservoirs - virology
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - immunology
HIV Infections - transmission
HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (AL Landay
HIV-1
Humans
Immune Tolerance - immunology
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Newborn, Diseases - drug therapy
Infant, Newborn, Diseases - immunology
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Section Editor
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Summary:The recent report of an infant that appears to have achieved a “functional cure” of HIV-1 following receipt of antiretroviral therapy (ART) within 30 hours of birth raises many questions: was the child infected? Was this result due to unique features of this particular infant’s immune system, the immune system of infants or the very early initiation of effective ART? In this manuscript, we discuss the pathogenesis of HIV-1 in infants, highlighting the unique features of infant immune development and how these may inform efforts to cure HIV infection. We will also compare the path to infant “cure” to cures in adults.
ISSN:1548-3568
1548-3576
DOI:10.1007/s11904-013-0189-1