Cold-Active Xylanase Produced by Fungi Associated with Antarctic Marine Sponges

Despite their potential biotechnological applications, cold-active xylanolytic enzymes have been poorly studied. In this work, 38 fungi isolated from marine sponges collected in King George Island, Antarctica, were screened as new sources of cold-active xylanases. All of them showed xylanase activit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 2014, Vol.172 (1), p.524-532
Main Authors: Del-Cid, Abdiel, Ubilla, Pamela, Ravanal, María-Cristina, Medina, Exequiel, Vaca, Inmaculada, Levicán, Gloria, Eyzaguirre, Jaime, Chávez, Renato
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antarctic Regions
Aquatic life
Aquatic Organisms - microbiology
Biochemistry
Biotechnology
Cellulose
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Cladosporium
Cladosporium - isolation & purification
Cladosporium - metabolism
Cold Temperature
Culture media
Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases - biosynthesis
Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases - chemistry
Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases - metabolism
Enzyme Stability
Enzymes
Fungi
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Hydrolysis
Low temperature
Marine
Molecular Weight
Oat bran
Porifera
Porifera - microbiology
Temperature
thermal stability
Triticum aestivum
Wheat bran
Wheat straw
xylan
xylanases
Xylans - metabolism
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Summary:Despite their potential biotechnological applications, cold-active xylanolytic enzymes have been poorly studied. In this work, 38 fungi isolated from marine sponges collected in King George Island, Antarctica, were screened as new sources of cold-active xylanases. All of them showed xylanase activity at 15 and 23 °C in semiquantitative plate assays. One of these isolates, Cladosporium sp., showed the highest activity and was characterized in detail. Cladosporium sp. showed higher xylanolytic activity when grown on beechwood or birchwood xylan and wheat bran, but wheat straw and oat bran were not so good inducers of this activity. The optimal pH for xylanase activity was 6.0, although pH stability was slightly wider (pH 5–7). On the other hand, Cladosporium sp. showed high xylanase activity at low temperatures and very low thermal stability. Interestingly, thermal stability was even lower after culture media were removed and replaced by buffer, suggesting that low molecular component(s) of the culture media could be important in the stabilization of cold-active xylanase activity. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report on extracellular xylanase production by fungi associated with Antarctic marine sponges.
ISSN:0273-2289
1559-0291
DOI:10.1007/s12010-013-0551-1