Haemophilus influenzae serotype a as a cause of serious invasive infections

Summary Haemophilus influenzae , particularly H influenzae serotype b (Hib), is an important pathogen that causes serious diseases like meningitis and septicaemia. Since the introduction of Hib conjugate vaccines in the 1990s, the epidemiology of invasive H influenzae disease has changed substantial...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Lancet infectious diseases 2014, Vol.14 (1), p.70-82
Main Authors: Ulanova, Marina, MD, Tsang, Raymond S W, Dr
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacterial Capsules - metabolism
Biological and medical sciences
Epidemiology
General aspects
Global Health
Haemophilus Infections - epidemiology
Haemophilus Infections - microbiology
Haemophilus Infections - mortality
Haemophilus Infections - pathology
Haemophilus influenzae
Haemophilus influenzae - classification
Haemophilus influenzae - genetics
Haemophilus influenzae - pathogenicity
Haemophilus Vaccines - administration & dosage
Haemophilus Vaccines - immunology
Humans
Immunology
Infectious Disease
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Microbiology
Molecular Epidemiology
Molecular Typing
Mortality
Prevention and actions
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Vaccines
Virulence Factors - metabolism
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Summary:Summary Haemophilus influenzae , particularly H influenzae serotype b (Hib), is an important pathogen that causes serious diseases like meningitis and septicaemia. Since the introduction of Hib conjugate vaccines in the 1990s, the epidemiology of invasive H influenzae disease has changed substantially, with most infections now caused by non-Hib strains. We discuss the importance of H influenzae serotype a (Hia) as a cause of serious morbidity and mortality and its global epidemiology, clinical presentation, microbiology, immunology, prevention, and control. Much like Hib, the capsule of Hia is an important virulence factor contributing to the development of invasive disease. Molecular typing of Hia has identified distinct clonal groups, with some linked to severe disease and high case-fatality rates. Similarities between Hia and Hib capsules, their clinical presentation, and immunology of infection suggest that a bivalent Hia–Hib capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine could offer protection against these two important serotypes of H influenzae.
ISSN:1473-3099
1474-4457
DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70170-1