Steady state analysis of a storage integrated solar thermophotovoltaic (SISTPV) system

• Published in: Solar energy 2013-10, Vol.96, p.33-45
• Main Authors: Datas, A., Chubb, D.L., Veeraragavan, A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Concentrating solar power; Energy; Energy. Thermal use of fuels; Exact sciences and technology; Heat transfer; High temperature; Melting; Natural energy; Phase change material; Photovoltaic cells; Photovoltaic conversion; Photovoltaics; Silicon; Solar cells. Photoelectrochemical cells; Solar energy; Solar thermophotovoltaics; Temperature effects; Theoretical studies. Data and constants. Metering; Thermal storage; Transport and storage of energy
• ISSN: 0038-092X; 1471-1257
• DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2013.07.002

•We model a novel solar thermophotovoltaic system including thermal storage.•Silicon, with a very high latent heat of 1800 kJ/kg, is used as phase-change material.•We perform an overall parametric optimization of the full system.•Efficiency up to ∼35% and running times after sunset of 10h are approachable.•The key benefits are: simplicity, no moving parts, modularity and low weight. This paper presents the theoretical analysis of a storage integrated solar thermophotovoltaic (SISTPV) system operating in steady state. These systems combine thermophotovoltaic (TPV) technology and high temperature thermal storage phase-change materials (PCM) in the same unit, providing a great potential in terms of efficiency, cost reduction and storage energy density. The main attraction in the proposed system is its simplicity and modularity compared to conventional Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) technologies. This is mainly due to the absence of moving parts. In this paper we analyze the use of Silicon as the phase change material (PCM). Silicon is an excellent candidate because of its high melting point (1680K) and its very high latent heat of fusion of 1800kJ/kg, which is about ten times greater than the conventional PCMs like molten salts. For a simple system configuration, we have demonstrated that overall conversion efficiencies up to ∼35% are approachable. Although higher efficiencies are expected by incorporating more advanced devices like multijunction TPV cells, narrow band selective emitters or adopting near-field TPV configurations as well as by enhancing the convective/conductive heat transfer within the PCM. In this paper, we also discuss about the optimum system configurations and provide the general guidelines for designing these systems. Preliminary estimates of night time operations indicate it is possible to achieve over 10h of operation with a relatively small quantity of Silicon.