Biology of CD1- and MR1-Restricted T Cells

• Published in: Annual review of immunology 2014-01, Vol.32 (1), p.323-366
• Main Authors: Salio, Mariolina, Silk, Jonathan D, Yvonne Jones, E, Cerundolo, Vincenzo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Antigens, CD1 - immunology; Antigens, CD1 - metabolism; Cell Differentiation; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I - immunology; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I - metabolism; Humans; inflammation; innate immunity; invariant T cells; Ligands; lipid antigen presentation; Lymphocyte Activation - immunology; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; Mucous Membrane - cytology; Mucous Membrane - immunology; Mucous Membrane - metabolism; Natural Killer T-Cells - cytology; Natural Killer T-Cells - immunology; Natural Killer T-Cells - metabolism; Peyer's Patches - cytology; Peyer's Patches - immunology; Peyer's Patches - metabolism; Protein Binding - immunology; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell - metabolism; T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity - immunology
• ISSN: 0732-0582; 1545-3278
• DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120243

Over the past 15 years, investigators have shown that T lymphocytes can recognize not only peptides in the context of MHC class I and class II molecules but also foreign and self-lipids in association with the nonclassical MHC class I-like molecules, CD1 proteins. In this review, we describe the most recent events in the field, with particular emphasis on ( a ) structural and functional aspects of lipid presentation by CD1 molecules, ( b ) the development of CD1d-restricted invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and transcription factors required for their differentiation, ( c ) the ability of iNKT cells to modulate innate and adaptive immune responses through their cross talk with lymphoid and myeloid cells, and ( d ) MR1-restricted and group I (CD1a, CD1b, and CD1c)-restricted T cells.