Microstructure refinement and strengthening mechanisms of a 12Cr ODS steel processed by equal channel angular extrusion

•The first successful severe plastic deformation of 12Cr ODS steels.•Significantly refined and homogeneous microstructure in ODS steels.•Shear stress induced drastic variation of geometry of Y2O3 nanoparticles.•Strengthening arising primarily from grain refinement. Multiscale microstructure refineme...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of alloys and compounds 2013-11, Vol.577, p.247-256
Main Authors: Song, M., Sun, C., Jang, J., Han, C.H., Kim, T.K., Hartwig, K.T., Zhang, X.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chromium
Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science
rheology
ECAE or ECAP
Equal channel angular extrusion
Exact sciences and technology
Ferritic steel
Grain boundaries
Martensitic stainless steels
Materials science
Microstructure
Nanocomposites
Nanomaterials
Nanoparticles
Nanopowders
Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization
Nanostructure
ODS steel
Other heat and thermomechanical treatments
Other topics in nanoscale materials and structures
Oxide dispersion strengthening
Oxides
Physics
Solid solution, precipitation, and dispersion hardening
aging
Steels
Treatment of materials and its effects on microstructure and properties
Yttrium oxide
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Summary:•The first successful severe plastic deformation of 12Cr ODS steels.•Significantly refined and homogeneous microstructure in ODS steels.•Shear stress induced drastic variation of geometry of Y2O3 nanoparticles.•Strengthening arising primarily from grain refinement. Multiscale microstructure refinement of a 12Cr-ODS steel by equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) was investigated by numerous microscopy techniques. The as-HIPped material showed a bimodal microstructure. Three types of second phase particles, including Y2O3, (Cr, Fe)23C6 and Cr oxide, were observed. After ECAE, the large matrix grains and Cr rich particles were effectively refined, and yttrium oxide nanoparticles surrounding ultrafine grain boundaries were redistributed. Geometry change of nanoscale yttrium oxide particles was also observed. An increased hardening by ∼35% was related to ECAE induced refinement of microstructures.
ISSN:0925-8388
1873-4669
DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.04.198