Involvement of the primate specific gene G72 in schizophrenia: From genetic studies to pathomechanisms

Schizophrenia is a human mental disorder that affects an individual's thoughts, perception, affect and behavior, which is caused by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic studies have implicated the evolutionary novel, anthropoid primate-specific gene locus G72/G30...

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Published in:Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews 2013-12, Vol.37 (10), p.2410-2417
Main Authors: DREWS, Eva, DAVID-MARIAN, Otte, ZIMMER, Andreas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Animals
Behavior, Animal - physiology
Behavioral psychophysiology
Biological and medical sciences
Brain - metabolism
Brain - physiology
Carrier Proteins - genetics
Carrier Proteins - physiology
Electron Transport Complex I - deficiency
Electron Transport Complex I - genetics
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
Humans
Medical sciences
Mice
Mice, Transgenic
Mitochondrial Diseases - genetics
Neuronal Plasticity - genetics
Primates
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Psychoses
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - genetics
Schizophrenia - physiopathology
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Summary:Schizophrenia is a human mental disorder that affects an individual's thoughts, perception, affect and behavior, which is caused by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic studies have implicated the evolutionary novel, anthropoid primate-specific gene locus G72/G30 in the etiology of schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. This gene encodes the protein LG72, which has been discussed as a modulator of the peroxisomal enzyme d-amino-acid-oxidase (DAO), or, alternatively as a mitochondrial protein. Recently, G72 transgenic (G72Tg) mice were generated that express the protein throughout the brain. These mice show several behavioral deficits that are related to schizophrenia. Further, G72Tg mice have a reduced activity of mitochondrial complex I, with a concomitantly increased production of reactive oxygen species, as well as deficits in short-term plasticity. Results from these studies demonstrate that expression of the human G72/G30 gene locus in mice produces behavioral phenotypes that are relevant to schizophrenia. They implicate LG72-induced mitochondrial and synaptic defects as a possible pathomechanism of this disease.
ISSN:0149-7634
1873-7528
DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.10.009