U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval: Crizotinib for Treatment of Advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer That Is Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Positive

• Published in: Clinical cancer research 2014-04, Vol.20 (8), p.2029-2034
• Main Authors: MALIK, Shakun M, MAHER, Virginia Ellen, HELMS, Whitney, HANNER, Diane, JUSTICE, Robert, PAZDUR, Richard, BIJWAARD, Karen E, BECKER, Robert L, LIJUN ZHANG, TANG, Shenghui W, PENGFEI SONG, QI LIU, MARATHE, Anshu, GEHRKE, Brenda
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Adult; Antineoplastic agents; Biological and medical sciences; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - drug therapy; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - enzymology; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - genetics; Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Diarrhea - chemically induced; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Approval; Female; Humans; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Lung Neoplasms - drug therapy; Lung Neoplasms - enzymology; Lung Neoplasms - genetics; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Multiple tumors. Solid tumors. Tumors in childhood (general aspects); Nausea - chemically induced; Neoplasm Metastasis; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Pneumology; Protein Kinase Inhibitors - administration & dosage; Protein Kinase Inhibitors - adverse effects; Protein Kinase Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Pyrazoles - administration & dosage; Pyrazoles - adverse effects; Pyrazoles - therapeutic use; Pyridines - administration & dosage; Pyridines - adverse effects; Pyridines - therapeutic use; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases - antagonists & inhibitors; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases - genetics; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases - metabolism; Treatment Outcome; Tumors; Tumors of the respiratory system and mediastinum; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration; Vision Disorders - chemically induced; Vomiting - chemically induced
• ISSN: 1078-0432; 1557-3265
• DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-3077

On August 26, 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved crizotinib (XALKORI Capsules, Pfizer Inc.) for treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that is anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive as detected by an FDA-approved test. The Vysis ALK Break-Apart FISH Probe Kit (Abbott Molecular, Inc.) was approved concurrently. In two multicenter, single-arm trials, patients with locally advanced or metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC previously treated with one or more systemic therapies received crizotinib orally at a dose of 250 mg twice daily. In 119 patients with ALK-positive NSCLC by local trial assay, the objective response rate (ORR) was 61% [95% confidence intervals (CI), 52%-70%] with a median response duration of 48 weeks. In 136 patients with ALK-positive NSCLC by the to-be-marketed test, the ORR was 50% (95% CI, 42%-59%) with a median response duration of 42 weeks. The most common adverse reactions (≥25%) were vision disorder, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, edema, and constipation. Accelerated approval was granted on the basis of the high ORRs and durable responses. On November 20, 2013, crizotinib received full approval based on an improvement in progression-free survival in patients with metastatic ALK-positive NSCLC previously treated with one platinum-based chemotherapy regimen.