Serum CCL11 (eotaxin‐1) and CCL17 (TARC) are serological indicators of multiple helminth infections and are driven by Schistosoma mansoni infection in humans

• Published in: Tropical medicine & international health 2013-06, Vol.18 (6), p.750-760
• Main Authors: Geiger, Stefan M., Jardim‐Botelho, Anne, Williams, Weston, Alexander, Neal, Diemert, David J., Bethony, Jeffrey M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Anthelmintics - therapeutic use; Ascaris; Ascaris lumbricoides; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; Brazil; CCL11; CCL17; Chemokine CCL11 - blood; Chemokine CCL17 - blood; Child; Cytokines; Feces - parasitology; Female; hookworm; Humans; immune response; Interleukin-10 - blood; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Necator americanus; Nutrition; Parasite Egg Count; Parasitic diseases; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosoma mansoni - isolation & purification; Schistosomiasis mansoni - blood; Schistosomiasis mansoni - diagnosis; Schistosomiasis mansoni - drug therapy; Th1 Cells - immunology; Th2 Cells - immunology; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1360-2276; 1365-3156
• DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12095

Objectives To evaluate systemic serum cytokine and chemokine markers for inflammation and Th1/Th2 responses in relation to multiple helminth infections, parasite burden and/or nutritional status of individuals. Methods In a longitudinal study, stool samples from 210 individuals from an area highly endemic for Ascaris lumbricoides, Necator americanus and Schistosoma mansoni were examined before and 12 months after clearance of parasites by chemotherapy. On both occasions, the presence of mono‐ or multiple infections and intensities of infection were compared with nutritional parameters and with serum cytokines or chemokines as markers for inflammatory, regulatory or Th1‐ or Th2‐type immune responses. Results Before treatment, we were not able to associate any altered nutritional parameters with increased inflammatory responses, and highest intensities of infection were found in eutrophic participants with multiple infections. In contrast, major changes in serum Th2‐type chemokine levels were measured in individuals infected with intestinal helminths and/or S. mansoni, and resulted in significantly higher CCL11 and CCL17 concentrations, both before treatment and after reinfection. Conclusions The driving force for these elevated type 2 serum chemokine concentrations was an S. mansoni infection and faecal egg counts significantly correlated with serum IL‐10 concentrations. ObjectifsEvaluer des cytokines et chimiokines sériques comme marqueurs systémiques pour l'inflammation et les réponses Th1/Th2 en rapport avec des infections multiples par des helminthes, la charge parasitaire et/ou le statut nutritionnel des individus.MéthodesDans une étude longitudinale, des échantillons de selles de 210 individus provenant d'une zone fortement endémique pour Ascaris lumbricoides, Necator americanus et Schistosoma mansoni ont été examinés avant et 12 mois après l’élimination des parasites par la chimiothérapie. Au cours des deux occasions, la présence d'infections uniques ou multiples et l'intensité de l'infection ont été comparées avec les paramètres nutritionnels et les cytokines ou chimiokines sériques comme marqueurs de l'inflammation, les réponses de régulation ou immunitaires de type Th1 ou Th2.RésultatsAvant le traitement, nous n’étions pas en mesure d'associer aucun paramètre nutritionnel altéré à une augmentation des réponses inflammatoires et des intensités plus fortes d'infection ont été trouvées chez les participants eutrophes avec des infections multiples. En