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In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide mixtures for the control of resistant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Mexican tropics
A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) mixtures, through in vitro laboratory bioassays and in vivo on-animal efficacy trials, for the control of resistant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus on cattle in the Mexican tropics. Also, to exa...
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| Published in: | Veterinary parasitology 2013-10, Vol.197 (1-2), p.288-296 |
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| creator | Rodriguez-Vivas, R.I. Li, A.Y. Ojeda-Chi, M.M. Trinidad-Martinez, I. Rosado-Aguilar, J.A. Miller, R.J. Pérez de León, A.A. |
| description | A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) mixtures, through in vitro laboratory bioassays and in vivo on-animal efficacy trials, for the control of resistant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus on cattle in the Mexican tropics. Also, to examine mechanisms of resistance to cypermethrin in this tick population, the frequency of a mutated sodium channel gene (F1550I) was determined using a PCR assay. Results of laboratory bioassays using modified larval packet tests revealed that cypermethrin toxicity was synergized by PBO (from 46.6–57.0% to 83.7–85.0% larval mortality; P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.07.018 |
| format | article |
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Also, to examine mechanisms of resistance to cypermethrin in this tick population, the frequency of a mutated sodium channel gene (F1550I) was determined using a PCR assay. Results of laboratory bioassays using modified larval packet tests revealed that cypermethrin toxicity was synergized by PBO (from 46.6–57.0% to 83.7–85.0% larval mortality; P<0.05). The cypermethrin and amitraz mixture showed an additive effect (from 46.6–57.0% to 56.0–74.3% larval mortality). Strong synergism was observed with the mixture of cypermethrin+amitraz+PBO and this mixture was the most effective killing resistant tick larvae in vitro (96.7–100% of larval mortality). Tick larvae surviving exposure to cypermethrin or mixtures either with amitraz and PBO in vitro showed 2.9–49.6 higher probability to present the mutated allele than those killed by acaricide treatment (P<0.05). In the in vivo trial, the mixtures containing cypermethrin+PBO (80.6–97.3%), and cypermethrin+amitraz (87.0–89.7%) were more efficacious than cypermethrin alone (76.3–80.5%). The highest level of efficacy was obtained with the mixture of cypermethrin+amitraz+PBO, which yielded >95% control that persisted for 28 days post-treatment against R. microplus infesting cattle when tested under field conditions in the Mexican tropics. Although this mixture is a potentially useful tool to combat pyrethroid resistance, a product based on an acaricide mixture like the one tested in this study has to be used rationally.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0304-4017</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-2550</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.07.018</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23948559</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Acari ; Acaricide ; additive effect ; amitraz ; Animals ; bioassays ; Boophilus ; Boophilus microplus ; cattle ; cypermethrin ; Formamidine ; genes ; Insecticide Resistance - genetics ; Insecticides - administration & dosage ; Insecticides - pharmacology ; Ixodidae ; Larva - drug effects ; larvae ; Mexico ; Mixture ; mortality ; Mutation ; Pesticide Synergists ; piperonyl butoxide ; Piperonyl Butoxide - administration & dosage ; Piperonyl Butoxide - pharmacology ; polymerase chain reaction ; probability ; Pyrethrins - administration & dosage ; Pyrethrins - pharmacology ; Pyrethroid ; Resistance ; resistance mechanisms ; Rhipicephalus ; Rhipicephalus - drug effects ; Rhipicephalus - genetics ; Rhipicephalus - metabolism ; Rhipicephlaus (Boophilus) microplus ; sodium channels ; Sodium Channels - genetics ; Sodium Channels - metabolism ; synergism ; Synergist ; Tick control ; ticks ; Toluidines - administration & dosage ; Toluidines - pharmacology ; toxicity ; Tropical Climate ; tropics</subject><ispartof>Veterinary parasitology, 2013-10, Vol.197 (1-2), p.288-296</ispartof><rights>2013</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier B.V.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-91e4a37be7b6171c1b0f06012c88782142747094571e2ecf4b58c8a5c823f7023</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-91e4a37be7b6171c1b0f06012c88782142747094571e2ecf4b58c8a5c823f7023</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23948559$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rodriguez-Vivas, R.I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, A.Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ojeda-Chi, M.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trinidad-Martinez, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosado-Aguilar, J.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, R.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pérez de León, A.A.</creatorcontrib><title>In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide mixtures for the control of resistant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Mexican tropics</title><title>Veterinary parasitology</title><addtitle>Vet Parasitol</addtitle><description>A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) mixtures, through in vitro laboratory bioassays and in vivo on-animal efficacy trials, for the control of resistant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus on cattle in the Mexican tropics. Also, to examine mechanisms of resistance to cypermethrin in this tick population, the frequency of a mutated sodium channel gene (F1550I) was determined using a PCR assay. Results of laboratory bioassays using modified larval packet tests revealed that cypermethrin toxicity was synergized by PBO (from 46.6–57.0% to 83.7–85.0% larval mortality; P<0.05). The cypermethrin and amitraz mixture showed an additive effect (from 46.6–57.0% to 56.0–74.3% larval mortality). Strong synergism was observed with the mixture of cypermethrin+amitraz+PBO and this mixture was the most effective killing resistant tick larvae in vitro (96.7–100% of larval mortality). Tick larvae surviving exposure to cypermethrin or mixtures either with amitraz and PBO in vitro showed 2.9–49.6 higher probability to present the mutated allele than those killed by acaricide treatment (P<0.05). In the in vivo trial, the mixtures containing cypermethrin+PBO (80.6–97.3%), and cypermethrin+amitraz (87.0–89.7%) were more efficacious than cypermethrin alone (76.3–80.5%). The highest level of efficacy was obtained with the mixture of cypermethrin+amitraz+PBO, which yielded >95% control that persisted for 28 days post-treatment against R. microplus infesting cattle when tested under field conditions in the Mexican tropics. Although this mixture is a potentially useful tool to combat pyrethroid resistance, a product based on an acaricide mixture like the one tested in this study has to be used rationally.</description><subject>Acari</subject><subject>Acaricide</subject><subject>additive effect</subject><subject>amitraz</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>bioassays</subject><subject>Boophilus</subject><subject>Boophilus microplus</subject><subject>cattle</subject><subject>cypermethrin</subject><subject>Formamidine</subject><subject>genes</subject><subject>Insecticide Resistance - genetics</subject><subject>Insecticides - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Insecticides - pharmacology</subject><subject>Ixodidae</subject><subject>Larva - drug effects</subject><subject>larvae</subject><subject>Mexico</subject><subject>Mixture</subject><subject>mortality</subject><subject>Mutation</subject><subject>Pesticide Synergists</subject><subject>piperonyl butoxide</subject><subject>Piperonyl Butoxide - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Piperonyl Butoxide - pharmacology</subject><subject>polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>probability</subject><subject>Pyrethrins - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Pyrethrins - pharmacology</subject><subject>Pyrethroid</subject><subject>Resistance</subject><subject>resistance mechanisms</subject><subject>Rhipicephalus</subject><subject>Rhipicephalus - drug effects</subject><subject>Rhipicephalus - genetics</subject><subject>Rhipicephalus - metabolism</subject><subject>Rhipicephlaus (Boophilus) microplus</subject><subject>sodium channels</subject><subject>Sodium Channels - genetics</subject><subject>Sodium Channels - metabolism</subject><subject>synergism</subject><subject>Synergist</subject><subject>Tick control</subject><subject>ticks</subject><subject>Toluidines - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Toluidines - pharmacology</subject><subject>toxicity</subject><subject>Tropical Climate</subject><subject>tropics</subject><issn>0304-4017</issn><issn>1873-2550</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kd1u1DAQhSMEokvhDRD4spW6yzhx1gkXSKXiZ6UiJKDXluNMyKySOLWd1W5fjxer0y1ccmV7_J0zY58kec1hxYGv321XOwyjdqsUeLYCuQJePEkWvJDZMs1zeJosIAOxFMDlSfLC-y0ACFjL58lJmpWiyPNykfzZDGxHwVmmh5rRfNhZhjvdTTqQHZhtmDmM6HoMraPhguk-4vru4kEwUryyw6Fj1RTsnmpkPe3D5NCzxjoWWmTGDtG_m51imXzQQ2A_WhrJ4NjGRp6dfbR2bCluz6PeODs-VC-NdvSebfa2plrj-Tzf7PgN92R03EeQjH-ZPGt05_HV43qa3Hz-9Ovq6_L6-5fN1eX10ghehmXJUehMViirNZfc8AoaWANPTVHIIuUilUJCKXLJMUXTiCovTKFzU6RZIyHNTpOzo-_o7O2EPqievMGu0wPaySuep5AVHMo8ouKIxrd477BRo6Neu4PioOb41FYd41NzfAqkivFF2ZvHDlPVY_1P9DevCLw9Ao22Sv925NXNz-ggYracSxCR-HAkMP7EjtApbwgHgzU5NEHVlv4_wz2OBroQ</recordid><startdate>20131018</startdate><enddate>20131018</enddate><creator>Rodriguez-Vivas, R.I.</creator><creator>Li, A.Y.</creator><creator>Ojeda-Chi, M.M.</creator><creator>Trinidad-Martinez, I.</creator><creator>Rosado-Aguilar, J.A.</creator><creator>Miller, R.J.</creator><creator>Pérez de León, A.A.</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131018</creationdate><title>In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide mixtures for the control of resistant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Mexican tropics</title><author>Rodriguez-Vivas, R.I. ; Li, A.Y. ; Ojeda-Chi, M.M. ; Trinidad-Martinez, I. ; Rosado-Aguilar, J.A. ; Miller, R.J. ; Pérez de León, A.A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-91e4a37be7b6171c1b0f06012c88782142747094571e2ecf4b58c8a5c823f7023</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Acari</topic><topic>Acaricide</topic><topic>additive effect</topic><topic>amitraz</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>bioassays</topic><topic>Boophilus</topic><topic>Boophilus microplus</topic><topic>cattle</topic><topic>cypermethrin</topic><topic>Formamidine</topic><topic>genes</topic><topic>Insecticide Resistance - genetics</topic><topic>Insecticides - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Insecticides - pharmacology</topic><topic>Ixodidae</topic><topic>Larva - drug effects</topic><topic>larvae</topic><topic>Mexico</topic><topic>Mixture</topic><topic>mortality</topic><topic>Mutation</topic><topic>Pesticide Synergists</topic><topic>piperonyl butoxide</topic><topic>Piperonyl Butoxide - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Piperonyl Butoxide - pharmacology</topic><topic>polymerase chain reaction</topic><topic>probability</topic><topic>Pyrethrins - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Pyrethrins - pharmacology</topic><topic>Pyrethroid</topic><topic>Resistance</topic><topic>resistance mechanisms</topic><topic>Rhipicephalus</topic><topic>Rhipicephalus - drug effects</topic><topic>Rhipicephalus - genetics</topic><topic>Rhipicephalus - metabolism</topic><topic>Rhipicephlaus (Boophilus) microplus</topic><topic>sodium channels</topic><topic>Sodium Channels - genetics</topic><topic>Sodium Channels - metabolism</topic><topic>synergism</topic><topic>Synergist</topic><topic>Tick control</topic><topic>ticks</topic><topic>Toluidines - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Toluidines - pharmacology</topic><topic>toxicity</topic><topic>Tropical Climate</topic><topic>tropics</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Rodriguez-Vivas, R.I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, A.Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ojeda-Chi, M.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trinidad-Martinez, I.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosado-Aguilar, J.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, R.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pérez de León, A.A.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><jtitle>Veterinary parasitology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rodriguez-Vivas, R.I.</au><au>Li, A.Y.</au><au>Ojeda-Chi, M.M.</au><au>Trinidad-Martinez, I.</au><au>Rosado-Aguilar, J.A.</au><au>Miller, R.J.</au><au>Pérez de León, A.A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide mixtures for the control of resistant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Mexican tropics</atitle><jtitle>Veterinary parasitology</jtitle><addtitle>Vet Parasitol</addtitle><date>2013-10-18</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>197</volume><issue>1-2</issue><spage>288</spage><epage>296</epage><pages>288-296</pages><issn>0304-4017</issn><eissn>1873-2550</eissn><abstract>A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) mixtures, through in vitro laboratory bioassays and in vivo on-animal efficacy trials, for the control of resistant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus on cattle in the Mexican tropics. Also, to examine mechanisms of resistance to cypermethrin in this tick population, the frequency of a mutated sodium channel gene (F1550I) was determined using a PCR assay. Results of laboratory bioassays using modified larval packet tests revealed that cypermethrin toxicity was synergized by PBO (from 46.6–57.0% to 83.7–85.0% larval mortality; P<0.05). The cypermethrin and amitraz mixture showed an additive effect (from 46.6–57.0% to 56.0–74.3% larval mortality). Strong synergism was observed with the mixture of cypermethrin+amitraz+PBO and this mixture was the most effective killing resistant tick larvae in vitro (96.7–100% of larval mortality). Tick larvae surviving exposure to cypermethrin or mixtures either with amitraz and PBO in vitro showed 2.9–49.6 higher probability to present the mutated allele than those killed by acaricide treatment (P<0.05). In the in vivo trial, the mixtures containing cypermethrin+PBO (80.6–97.3%), and cypermethrin+amitraz (87.0–89.7%) were more efficacious than cypermethrin alone (76.3–80.5%). The highest level of efficacy was obtained with the mixture of cypermethrin+amitraz+PBO, which yielded >95% control that persisted for 28 days post-treatment against R. microplus infesting cattle when tested under field conditions in the Mexican tropics. Although this mixture is a potentially useful tool to combat pyrethroid resistance, a product based on an acaricide mixture like the one tested in this study has to be used rationally.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>23948559</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.07.018</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0304-4017 |
| ispartof | Veterinary parasitology, 2013-10, Vol.197 (1-2), p.288-296 |
| issn | 0304-4017 1873-2550 |
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| source | ScienceDirect Freedom Collection |
| subjects | Acari Acaricide additive effect amitraz Animals bioassays Boophilus Boophilus microplus cattle cypermethrin Formamidine genes Insecticide Resistance - genetics Insecticides - administration & dosage Insecticides - pharmacology Ixodidae Larva - drug effects larvae Mexico Mixture mortality Mutation Pesticide Synergists piperonyl butoxide Piperonyl Butoxide - administration & dosage Piperonyl Butoxide - pharmacology polymerase chain reaction probability Pyrethrins - administration & dosage Pyrethrins - pharmacology Pyrethroid Resistance resistance mechanisms Rhipicephalus Rhipicephalus - drug effects Rhipicephalus - genetics Rhipicephalus - metabolism Rhipicephlaus (Boophilus) microplus sodium channels Sodium Channels - genetics Sodium Channels - metabolism synergism Synergist Tick control ticks Toluidines - administration & dosage Toluidines - pharmacology toxicity Tropical Climate tropics |
| title | In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cypermethrin, amitraz, and piperonyl butoxide mixtures for the control of resistant Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Mexican tropics |
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