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Photoinduced electron transfer fluorometric Hg(II) chemosensor based on a BODIPY armed with a tetrapod receptor
From the great variety of BODIPY based-chemosensors able to determine Hg2+, only a small portion has been applied to its determination in environmental and/or biological samples. The lack of studies on the analytical performance of the latter sensors makes interesting the development of investigatio...
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Published in: | Talanta (Oxford) 2013-12, Vol.117, p.288-296 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | From the great variety of BODIPY based-chemosensors able to determine Hg2+, only a small portion has been applied to its determination in environmental and/or biological samples. The lack of studies on the analytical performance of the latter sensors makes interesting the development of investigations oriented to their possible analytical applications. The synthesis of a BODIPY derivative armed with a tetrapod receptor is described. The procedure is based on a previous publication, and the modifications performed to improve the synthesis include alternative procedures with different objectives, as the consecution of a multigram synthesis, improving the low yields of some of the previously proposed procedure steps, simplifying the experimental steps, achieving the desired purity requirements for use with analytical purposes, and enriching the characterization of the implied structures. The characteristics of its selectivity towards Hg2+ have been investigated, and the OFF–ON fluorometric response, based on a photo-electron transfer (PET) mechanism, served as the base for the development of a method able to determine Hg2+ in environmental waters at ngmL−1 levels.
The intrinsic fluorescence of the BODIPY core is inhibited and the probe exhibits a weak fluorescence (i.e. “OFF” state due to the deactivating PET effect). Upon complexation, Hg2+ interacts with the lone-pair electrons on the nitrogen atoms of the receptor moiety so that the electronic transfer from the receptor to the photo-excited fluorophore is slowed down or switched off (i.e. “ON” state due to the suppression of the deactivating PET effect by coordination of the analyte to the probe).
Regarding the complex photostability in aqueous solution, it is mandatory to conduct the experiments at darkness due to its photodegradation. The stoichiometry studies indicated a 1:2 relationship for the BODIPY-Hg2+ complex. The high selectivity towards mercuric ions is considerably influenced by pH, being necessary to conduct the experiments in a pH value higher than 6. Calibration samples were prepared by adding appropriate amounts of Hg2+ between 20.0–120.0ngmL–1, at a constant BODIPY concentration of 1µmolL–1. After agitating for 5min at darkness, phosphate buffer (pH=7.50) was added, and it was diluted to the mark with water. Fluorescence measurements were carried out at 18°C, exciting at 515nm, and obtaining fluorescence emission at 538nm. The method has been satisfactory applied to Hg2+ determination in e |
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ISSN: | 0039-9140 1873-3573 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.09.009 |