Caecal environment of rats fed far East Asian-modelled diets

• Published in: Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2014-05, Vol.98 (10), p.4701-4709
• Main Authors: An, Choa, Kuda, Takashi, Yazaki, Takahiro, Takahashi, Hajime, Kimura, Bon
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: acetates; Algae; ammonia; Ammonia - analysis; Animal experimentation; Animal Feed; Animals; Bacteria - classification; Bacteria - genetics; beef; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biota; Biotechnology; casein; Cecum - chemistry; Cecum - microbiology; Colorectal diseases; Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis; Diet; Diet - methods; DNA, Bacterial - chemistry; DNA, Bacterial - genetics; DNA, Ribosomal - chemistry; DNA, Ribosomal - genetics; Environmental Biotechnology; Firmicutes; fish meal; Fish oils; Food; Food science; Gastrointestinal diseases; Genes; Glucose; Health aspects; Hydrogen Sulfide; Life Sciences; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbiology; Microbiota; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms); Microorganisms; Molecular Sequence Data; neoplasms; Nutrition research; Organic acids; organic acids and salts; Organic Chemicals - analysis; Oryza sativa; phenol; Phenols; Physiological aspects; Proteins; Proteobacteria; Rats; ribosomal RNA; Rice; rice starch; Risk factors; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; Sequence Analysis, DNA; soy protein; soybean oil; Soybeans; Starch; Studies; Sucrose
• ISSN: 0175-7598; 1432-0614
• DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5535-8

To clarify the effect of type of foods on the intestinal environment, Far East Asian- (FEA; rich in rice starch, soy protein and soy oil) and Far East Asian marine- (FEAM; rich in rice starch, fish meal, fish oil and brown alga) modelled diets and sucrose, casein and beef tallow-rich (SCB) diet were prepared. After the 2-week administration of diets in rats, caecal organic acids and putrefactive compounds (ammonia, indole, phenol and H₂S, which are regarded as putative risk factors for tumours) were determined. The caecal microbiota was also analyzed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and pyrosequencing with bar-coded primers targeting the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Levels of n-butyrate, acetate, indole and phenol were high in rats fed FEA. On the other hand, H₂S was clearly suppressed by both FEA and FEAM comparing with SCB. These results suggest that FEAM is preferable to FEA for optimal intestinal environment and host health. Both microbial analyses showed that the diversity of microbiota in the FEAM group was lower than in the other diet groups. Ratio of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria in the SCB group was about 5:4:1. Firmicutes, particularly Lachnospiraceae, was promoted by FEA and FEAM.