Nanoemulsion of eucalyptus oil and its larvicidal activity against Culex quinquefasciatus

Filariasis is a mosquito-borne disease that causes lymphedema and the main vector is Culex quinquefasciatus. A simple measure was taken to eradicate the vector using nanoemulsion. Eucalyptus oil nanoemulsion was formulated in various ratios comprising of eucalyptus oil, tween 80 and water by ultraso...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bulletin of entomological research 2014-06, Vol.104 (3), p.393-402
Main Authors: Sugumar, S., Clarke, S.K., Nirmala, M.J., Tyagi, B.K., Mukherjee, A., Chandrasekaran, N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal populations
Animals
Biochemistry
Biological and medical sciences
Biopesticides
Culex - growth & development
Culex quinquefasciatus
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Emulsions
Eucalyptus
Eucalyptus - chemistry
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Histopathology
Insecticides
Insects
Larva
Larvae
Light scattering
Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control
Nanostructures
Oils, Volatile
Phytochemicals
Research Paper
Rhizobium - drug effects
Vector-borne diseases
Vectors. Intermediate hosts
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Summary:Filariasis is a mosquito-borne disease that causes lymphedema and the main vector is Culex quinquefasciatus. A simple measure was taken to eradicate the vector using nanoemulsion. Eucalyptus oil nanoemulsion was formulated in various ratios comprising of eucalyptus oil, tween 80 and water by ultrasonication. The stability of nanoemulsion was observed over a period of time and 1:2 ratios of eucalyptus oil (6%) and surfactant (12%) was found to be stable. The formulated eucalyptus oil nanoemulsion was characterized by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The nanoemulsion droplets were found to have a Z-average diameter of 9.4 nm and were spherical in shape. The larvicidal activity of eucalyptus oil nanoemulsion and bulk emulsion was tested and compared. Our nanoemulsion showed higher activity when compared to bulk emulsion. The histopathology of larvae-treated and untreated nanoemulsion was analyzed. Furthermore, biochemical assays were carried out to examine the effect of nanoemulsion on biochemical characteristics of larvae. The treated larval homogenate showed decrease in total protein content and a significant reduction in the levels of acetylcholinesterase. The levels of acid and alkaline phosphatase also showed reduction as compared to control larval homogenate.
ISSN:0007-4853
1475-2670
1475-2670
DOI:10.1017/S0007485313000710