Essential oil composition of Senecio graciliflorus DC: Comparative analysis of different parts and evaluation of antioxidant and cytotoxic activities

• Published in: Phytomedicine (Stuttgart) 2014-05, Vol.21 (6), p.919-925
• Main Authors: Lone, Shabir H., Bhat, Khursheed A., Bhat, Haroon M., Majeed, Rabiya, Anand, Rajneesh, Hamid, Abid, Khuroo, Mohd A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - analysis; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - therapeutic use; Antioxidant; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - analysis; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Antioxidants - therapeutic use; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds - analysis; Cell Line, Tumor; Composition; Cyclohexanes - analysis; Cytotoxicity; Essences and essential oils; Essential oil; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Lung Neoplasms - drug therapy; Medical research; Medicine, Botanic; Medicine, Experimental; Medicine, Herbal; Monoterpenes - analysis; Oils, Volatile - chemistry; Oils, Volatile - pharmacology; Oils, Volatile - therapeutic use; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Extracts - therapeutic use; Plant Oils - chemistry; Plant Structures - chemistry; Senecio; Senecio - chemistry; Senecio graciliflorus DC
• ISSN: 0944-7113; 1618-095X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.01.012

The essential oil of different parts of Senecio graciliflorus DC was obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-FID and GC–MS for the first time. A total of 17, 20, 19 and 17 constituents were identified comprising 99.90, 95.50, 98.93 and 95.96% of the essential oil of flower, leaf, stem and root parts of Senecio graciliflorus respectively. Monoterpene hydrocarbons predominated in the essential oil with 85.28% in flower, 57.53% in leaf, 67.74% in stem and 64.98% in root oil. α-pinene, cis-ocimene, 1,2,3-trimethylcyclohexane and β-pinene were the major constituents of the essential oil. The flower essential oil exhibited a strong antioxidant potential displaying IC50 values of 21.6±0.6 and 26.0±1.0μg/ml in DPPH and hydroxyl radical assays respectively. On the other hand the essential oil of flower and root displayed highest cytotoxicity against lung (A-549) cancer cell lines (IC50=19.1±0.9 and 21.3±1.1μg/ml respectively. This study which represents the first report of the essential oil composition and bioevaluation of Senecio graciliflorus, can serve as a new source of cytotoxic and antioxidant activity.