Effect of breakfast skipping on diurnal variation of energy metabolism and blood glucose

Summary Epidemiological studies suggest an association between breakfast skipping and body weight gain, insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes. Time when meal is consumed affects postprandial increase in energy expenditure and blood glucose, and breakfast skipping may reduce 24 h energy expenditure a...

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Published in:Obesity research & clinical practice 2014-05, Vol.8 (3), p.e249-e257
Main Authors: Kobayashi, Fumi, Ogata, Hitomi, Omi, Naomi, Nagasaka, Shoichiro, Yamaguchi, Sachiko, Hibi, Masanobu, Tokuyama, Kumpei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Breakfast
Calorimetry
CGMS
Cross-Over Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - prevention & control
Eating pattern
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Energy Intake
Energy Metabolism
Fasting - blood
Glycemic Index
Humans
Indirect calorimetry
Insulin - blood
Insulin Resistance
Internal Medicine
Male
Postprandial Period
Time Factors
Weight Gain
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Summary:Summary Epidemiological studies suggest an association between breakfast skipping and body weight gain, insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes. Time when meal is consumed affects postprandial increase in energy expenditure and blood glucose, and breakfast skipping may reduce 24 h energy expenditure and elevate blood glucose level. The present study evaluated the effect of breakfast skipping on diurnal variation of energy metabolism and blood glucose. The skipped breakfast was compensated by following big meals at lunch and supper. In a randomized repeated-measure design with or without breakfast, eight males stayed twice in a room-size respiratory chamber. Blood glucose was recorded with a continuous glucose monitoring system. Breakfast skipping did not affect 24 h energy expenditure, fat oxidation and thermic effect of food, but increased overall 24 h average of blood glucose (83 ± 3 vs 89 ± 2 mg/dl, P < 0.05). Unlike 24 h glucose level, 24 h energy expenditure was robust when challenged by breakfast skipping. These observations suggest that changes in glucose homeostasis precede that of energy balance, in the potential sequence caused by breakfast skipping, if this dietary habit has any effect on energy balance.
ISSN:1871-403X
1878-0318
DOI:10.1016/j.orcp.2013.01.001