Earth Fissures in Wadi Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The formation of earth fissures due to groundwater depletion has been reported in many places in North America, Europe, and Asia. Najran Basin is in the southern part of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and agricultural activities and other groundwater uses have caused significant groundwater depletion...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Natural hazards (Dordrecht) 2014-04, Vol.71 (3), p.2013-2027
Main Authors: Youssef, Ahmed M., Sabtan, Abdullah A., Maerz, Norbert H., Zabramawi, Yasser A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Civil Engineering
Earth
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Electrical resistivity
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Environmental Management
Exact sciences and technology
Geology
Geophysics
Geophysics/Geodesy
Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences
Groundwater
Groundwater depletion
Groundwater levels
Hydrogeology
Hydrology
Land use
Natural Hazards
Natural hazards: prediction, damages, etc
Original Paper
Water supply
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Summary:The formation of earth fissures due to groundwater depletion has been reported in many places in North America, Europe, and Asia. Najran Basin is in the southern part of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and agricultural activities and other groundwater uses have caused significant groundwater depletion there. The basin recently experienced a sudden appearance of numerous earth fissures. An interdisciplinary study consisting of an evaluation of land-use changes, and hydrological, hydrogeological, and geophysical investigations was conducted to determine the reason for the formation of the earth fissures. The hydrological analysis strongly revealed that the groundwater level is decreasing with time. Groundwater depletion would lead to the accumulation of subsurface stress, causing soil hydro-consolidation which creates the ideal condition for the formation of earth fissures. Electrical resistivity, data indicated that there are anomalies in the profiles, which are most probably due to the presence of subsurface topography, another key factor for the formation of the earth fissures.
ISSN:0921-030X
1573-0840
DOI:10.1007/s11069-013-0991-5