High-density diffuse optical tomography of term infant visual cortex in the nursery

Advancements in antenatal and neonatal medicine over the last few decades have led to significant improvement in the survival rates of sick newborn infants. However, this improvement in survival has not been matched by a reduction in neurodevelopmental morbidities with increasing recognition of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Biomedical Optics 2012-08, Vol.17 (8), p.081414-1-081414-2
Main Authors: Liao, Steve M, Ferradal, Silvina L, White, Brian R, Gregg, Nicholas, Inder, Terrie E, Culver, Joseph P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Brain
Brain Mapping - methods
Cortexes
diffuse optical imaging
Diffusion
Evoked Potentials, Visual - physiology
Feasibility
Female
Humans
Image Enhancement - methods
Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted - methods
Imaging, Three-Dimensional - methods
Infant, Newborn
Infants
Intensive Care, Neonatal - methods
Male
near infrared spectroscopy
Pattern Recognition, Automated - methods
Reproducibility of Results
Sensitivity and Specificity
Special Section Papers
Survival
Tomography
Tomography, Optical - methods
Visual
Visual Cortex - physiology
visual response
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Summary:Advancements in antenatal and neonatal medicine over the last few decades have led to significant improvement in the survival rates of sick newborn infants. However, this improvement in survival has not been matched by a reduction in neurodevelopmental morbidities with increasing recognition of the diverse cognitive and behavioral challenges that preterm infants face in childhood. Conventional neuroimaging modalities, such as cranial ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, provide an important definition of neuroanatomy with recognition of brain injury. However, they fail to define the functional integrity of the immature brain, particularly during this critical developmental period. Diffuse optical tomography methods have established success in imaging adult brain function; however, few studies exist to demonstrate their feasibility in the neonatal population. We demonstrate the feasibility of using recently developed high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) to map functional activation of the visual cortex in healthy term-born infants. The functional images show high contrast-to-noise ratio obtained in seven neonates. These results illustrate the potential for HD-DOT and provide a foundation for investigations of brain function in more vulnerable newborns, such as preterm infants.
ISSN:1083-3668
1560-2281
DOI:10.1117/1.JBO.17.8.081414