Influence of monsoons on atmospheric CO2 spatial variability and ground-based monitoring over India

This study examines the role of Asian monsoons on transport and spatial variability of atmospheric CO2 over the Indian subcontinent, using transport modeling tools and available surface observations from two atmospheric CO2 monitoring sites Sinhagad (SNG) and Cape Rama (CRI) in the western part of p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Science of the total environment 2014-08, Vol.490, p.570-578
Main Authors: Tiwari, Yogesh K., Vellore, Ramesh K., Ravi Kumar, K., van der Schoot, Marcel, Cho, Chun-Ho
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air Pollutants - analysis
Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data
Applied sciences
Atmosphere - chemistry
Atmospheric pollution
Cape Rama
Carbon Dioxide - analysis
Carbon Tracker
Environmental Monitoring
Exact sciences and technology
FLEXPART
India
Pollutants physicochemistry study: properties, effects, reactions, transport and distribution
Pollution
Seasons
Sinhagad
Wind
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Summary:This study examines the role of Asian monsoons on transport and spatial variability of atmospheric CO2 over the Indian subcontinent, using transport modeling tools and available surface observations from two atmospheric CO2 monitoring sites Sinhagad (SNG) and Cape Rama (CRI) in the western part of peninsular India. The regional source contributions to these sites arise from the horizontal flow in conduits within the planetary boundary layer. Greater CO2 variability, greater than 15ppm, is observed during winter, while it is reduced nearly by half during summer. The SNG air sampling site is more susceptible to narrow regional terrestrial fluxes transported from the Indo-Gangetic Plains in January, and to wider upwind marine source regions from the Arabian Sea in July. The Western Ghats mountains appear to play a role in the seasonal variability at SNG by trapping polluted air masses associated with weak monsoonal winds. A Lagrangian back-trajectory analysis further suggests that the horizontal extent of regional sensitivity increases from north to south over the Indian subcontinent in January (Boreal winter). •Impact of the Indian monsoon circulations on surface CO2 observations over India•Continental and marine tracer transport mechanism influence the Indian subcontinent•The lower CO2 events along the west coast of India are due to marine transport•CO2 variability is 8–10ppm during summer monsoon and >15ppm for rest of the year
ISSN:0048-9697
1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.045