Impact of dietary macronutrient distribution on BMI and cardiometabolic outcomes in overweight and obese children and adolescents: a systematic review

• Published in: Nutrition reviews 2014-07, Vol.72 (7), p.453-470
• Main Authors: Gow, Megan L, Ho, Mandy, Burrows, Tracy L, Baur, Louise A, Stewart, Laura, Hutchesson, Melinda J, Cowell, Chris T, Collins, Clare E, Garnett, Sarah P
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; adolescents; Biological and medical sciences; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control; Child; children; Children & youth; Diet; Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted; Diet, Fat-Restricted; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage; Dietary Proteins - pharmacology; energy; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Insulin Resistance; macronutrient; Medical sciences; Metabolic diseases; nutritional intervention; obese; Obesity; Obesity - complications; Obesity - diet therapy; Overweight; Risk factors; Systematic review; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; weight control; weight loss
• ISSN: 0029-6643; 1753-4887
• DOI: 10.1111/nure.12111

The present systematic review examined the effectiveness of weight management interventions comparing diets with varying macronutrient distributions on BMI and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight or obese children and adolescents. A systematic search of seven databases for the period 1975−2013 identified 14 eligible randomized or quasi‐randomized controlled trials conducted with 6–18‐year‐old subjects. Seven trials compared a low‐fat (≤33% energy or