Purification, characterization and immunomodulatory effects of Plantago depressa polysaccharides

• Published in: Carbohydrate polymers 2014-11, Vol.112, p.63-72
• Main Authors: Zhao, Hong, Wang, Qiuhong, Sun, Yanping, Yang, Bingyou, Wang, Zhibin, Chai, Guifang, Guan, Yongzhou, Zhu, Weiguo, Shu, Zunpeng, Lei, Xia, Kuang, Haixue
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acidic polysaccharide; Animals; Applied sciences; Biological and medical sciences; Carbohydrate Conformation; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Exact sciences and technology; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Immunologic Factors - pharmacology; Immunomodulators; Immunomodulatory effects; Macrophages - drug effects; Macrophages - immunology; Medical sciences; Mice; Molecular Weight; Monosaccharides - analysis; Natural polymers; Partial structure; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Physicochemistry of polymers; Plantago - chemistry; Plantago depressa; Polysaccharides - chemistry; Polysaccharides - isolation & purification; Polysaccharides - pharmacology; Purification; Seeds - chemistry; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Starch and polysaccharides; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism
• ISSN: 0144-8617; 1879-1344
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.05.069

•Four homogeneous polysaccharides were prepared from the seeds of Plantago depressa.•All PDSPs were presented as homogeneous acidic protein-bound heteropolysaccharides.•All PDSPs had immunomodulatory effects in a dose-dependent manner.•PDSP-3 exhibited the highest immunomodulatory effects.•Monosaccharide compositions, linkage types and molecular weight might be the factors. Four purified polysaccharide fractions from seeds of Plantago depressa (PDSP-1, PDSP-2, PDSP-3 and PDSP-4) were obtained by isolation and purification using DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephacryl S-400 HR chromatography. Basic physicochemical properties including molecular weight, chemical composition, FT-IR and glycosidic linkage of these fractions were investigated. They seemed to be homogeneous acidic protein-bound heteropolysaccharides with high molecular weight of over 1000kDa and contained a lot more β-type glycosidic linkages than α-type. PDSP-3 mainly contained mannose, arabinose and fucose, and the others were rich in arabinose, fucose and galacturonic acid. The immunomodulatory effects of them were assessed by splenocyte proliferation index and production of NO and TNF-α from macrophages. They all showed significant immunomodulatory activities, and PDSP-3 presented the strongest effect. Their observed differences in biological activities were probably due to their structure differences. And monosaccharide compositions, linkage types and molecular weight may affect their immunomodulatory activities.