Primary Liver Tumors in Pediatric Patients: Proper Imaging Technique for Diagnosis and Staging

Liver tumors in children are rare and comprise a diverse set of both benign and malignant lesions, most of which are not clinically detected until they are large and often difficult to resect. Technological advances in diagnostic imaging have greatly influenced the surgical planning of these lesions...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MRI CT, and MRI, 2014-08, Vol.35 (4), p.382-393
Main Authors: Rozell, Joseph M., MD, Catanzano, Tara, MD, Polansky, Stanley M., MD, Rakita, Dmitry, MD, Fox, Lindsay, MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Child
Child, Preschool
Contrast Media
Diagnostic Imaging - methods
Female
Humans
Image Enhancement - methods
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Liver - diagnostic imaging
Liver - pathology
Liver Neoplasms - diagnosis
Liver Neoplasms - pathology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Male
Neoplasm Staging
Pediatrics - methods
Radiology
Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods
Ultrasonography - methods
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Summary:Liver tumors in children are rare and comprise a diverse set of both benign and malignant lesions, most of which are not clinically detected until they are large and often difficult to resect. Technological advances in diagnostic imaging have greatly influenced the surgical planning of these lesions and ultimately the clinical outcome. The intent of this article is to present an imaging algorithm for the effective and efficient workup of liver tumors in pediatric patients. This includes the appropriate timing and use of various imaging modalities, such as conventional radiographs, ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. This article also addresses the use of sedation, intravenous contrast agents, and the benefits and limitations of specific imaging modalities. An overview of the radiologic and pathologic findings in common liver lesions in pediatric patients, as well as individual case examples demonstrating the use of the proposed workup algorithm, is provided.
ISSN:0887-2171
1558-5034
DOI:10.1053/j.sult.2014.05.006