Optimisation of the analysis of anti-influenza drugs in wastewater and surface water

We optimised the simultaneous analysis of four analytes, namely three anti-influenza drugs (oseltamivir (OS), zanamivir (ZAN) and amantadine (AMN)) and one metabolite of OS (oseltamivir carboxylate (OC)), in sewage treatment plant (STP) influent and effluent by verifying the types and conditions of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental analytical chemistry 2014-07, Vol.94 (9), p.853-862
Main Authors: Azuma, Takashi, Nakada, Norihide, Yamashita, Naoyuki, Tanaka, Hiroaki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Analytical chemistry
Cartridges
Drugs
LC-MS/MS
Methanol
Methyl alcohol
Operating systems
Optimization
oseltamivir
pharmaceuticals
Prescription drugs
Surface water
Waste water
water environment
zanamivir
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Summary:We optimised the simultaneous analysis of four analytes, namely three anti-influenza drugs (oseltamivir (OS), zanamivir (ZAN) and amantadine (AMN)) and one metabolite of OS (oseltamivir carboxylate (OC)), in sewage treatment plant (STP) influent and effluent by verifying the types and conditions of solid phase extraction (SPE) appropriate for LC-MS/MS analysis. In summary, these target analytes were extracted from aqueous samples (30-50 mL) by using strong cation-exchange SPE cartridges (500 mg adsorbent) under acidic conditions (pH 3-4). After washing of the cartridges with acidified water (pH 3.0, 3 mL) and methanol (3 mL), the analytes were eluted with a mixed solvent (2 mL) of 10% (v/v) triethylamine in a 1:1 (v/v) mixture of acetone and water. Application of this technique to the target compounds should yield a comprehensive understanding of the occurrence and fate of anti-influenza drugs in the water environment.
ISSN:0306-7319
1029-0397
DOI:10.1080/03067319.2014.921290