Creatinine-based equation to estimate the glomerular filtration rate in Japanese children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease

• Published in: Clinical and experimental nephrology 2014-08, Vol.18 (4), p.626-633
• Main Authors: Uemura, Osamu, Nagai, Takuhito, Ishikura, Kenji, Ito, Shuichi, Hataya, Hiroshi, Gotoh, Yoshimitsu, Fujita, Naoya, Akioka, Yuko, Kaneko, Tetsuji, Honda, Masataka
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Age Factors; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Biomarkers - blood; Body Height; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine - blood; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Inulin; Japan - epidemiology; Kidney - physiopathology; Linear Models; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Models, Biological; Nephrology; Original Article; Predictive Value of Tests; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - blood; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - diagnosis; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - ethnology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - physiopathology; Urology
• ISSN: 1342-1751; 1437-7799
• DOI: 10.1007/s10157-013-0856-y

Background Renal inulin clearance is the gold standard for evaluation of kidney function, but cannot be measured easily in children. Therefore, we utilize the serum creatinine (Cr)-based estimated GFR (eGFR) measuring serum Cr by the enzymatic method, and we have reported simple serum Cr-based eGFR in Japanese children aged between 2 and 11 years old. Furthermore, we should use serum Cr-based eGFR in Japanese adolescents as well as children with chronic kidney disease for evaluation of renal function. Methods The inulin clearance and serum Cr level determined by an enzymatic method were measured in 131 pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients between the ages of 2 and 18 years old with no underlying disease affecting renal function except CKD to determine the serum Cr-based eGFR in Japanese children and adolescents. Results We offer the complex estimated GFR equation using polynomial formulae for reference serum creatinine levels with body length in Japanese children except infants, resulting in the following equation: eGFR = 110.2 × ( reference serum Cr / patient's serum Cr ) + 2.93 Reference serum Cr levels ( y ) are shown by the following two equations of body length ( x ): Males : y = − 1.259 x 5 + 7.815 x 4 − 18.57 x 3 + 21.39 x 2 − 11.71 x + 2.628 Females : y = − 4.536 x 5 + 27.16 x 4 − 63.47 x 3 + 72.43 x 2 − 40.06 x + 8.778 Conclusion The new polynomial eGFR formula showing the relationship with body length and serum Cr level may be applicable for clinical screening of renal function in Japanese children and adolescents aged between 2 and 18 years.