Comprehensive Treatise on Shut-in and Restart of Waxy Oil Pipelines

A conservative analytical method is presented to provide reliable predictions for waxy oil pipeline shut-in and restart. A comprehensive bench-top characterization regimen establishes in situ gel properties, utilizing thermodynamic modeling, differential scanning calorimetry, and rheometry to foreca...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dispersion science and technology 2014-08, Vol.35 (8), p.1060-1085
Main Author: Paso, Kristofer Gunnar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chemistry
Colloidal state and disperse state
Differential scanning calorimetry
Dispersions
Exact sciences and technology
General and physical chemistry
Mathematical analysis
Mathematical models
Paraffin wax
Petroleum pipelines
pipeline restart
pipeline shut-in
Pipelines
pressure wave propagation
Propagation
Rheology
Rheometry
Simulators
Wave propagation
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Summary:A conservative analytical method is presented to provide reliable predictions for waxy oil pipeline shut-in and restart. A comprehensive bench-top characterization regimen establishes in situ gel properties, utilizing thermodynamic modeling, differential scanning calorimetry, and rheometry to forecast the wax-gel mechanical response. For flow commencement modeling, pressure wave propagation simulators have recently emerged with correct predictions for the acoustic, viscous, and gel degradation regimes. Scaling analysis shows that the viscous wave is determinative for achieving timely restart in long pipelines. The informed rheology serves as a useful input to simulate restart flows. For gelation and shut-in flow predictions, a heuristic approach is currently recommended.
ISSN:0193-2691
1532-2351
DOI:10.1080/01932691.2013.833105