Magnetically shaped cell aggregates: from granular to contractile materials

In recent decades, significant advances have been made in the description and modelling of tissue morphogenesis. By contrast, the initial steps leading to the formation of a tissue structure, through cell-cell adhesion, have so far been described only for small numbers of interacting cells. Here, th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Soft matter 2014-07, Vol.10 (28), p.5045-5054
Main Authors: Frasca, G, Du, V, Bacri, J-C, Gazeau, F, Gay, C, Wilhelm, C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3T3 Cells
Adhesion
Adhesion tests
Aggregates
Animals
Cadherins - metabolism
Cell Adhesion
Cell Communication
Cell Wall - physiology
Dogs
Formations
HeLa Cells
Humans
Information dissemination
Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
Magnetic Fields
Magnetite Nanoparticles
Mathematical models
Mice
Spheroids, Cellular - physiology
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Summary:In recent decades, significant advances have been made in the description and modelling of tissue morphogenesis. By contrast, the initial steps leading to the formation of a tissue structure, through cell-cell adhesion, have so far been described only for small numbers of interacting cells. Here, through the use of remote magnetic forces, we succeeded at creating cell aggregates of half million cells, instantaneously and for several cell types, not only those known to form spheroids. This magnetic compaction gives access to the cell elasticity, found in the range of 800 Pa. The magnetic force can be removed at any time, allowing the cell mass to evolve spontaneously thereafter. The dynamics of contraction of these cell aggregates just after their formation (or, in contrast, their spreading for non-interacting monocyte cells) provides direct information on cell-cell interactions and allows retrieving the adhesion energy, in between 0.05 and 2 mJ m(-2), depending on the cell type tested, and in the case of cohesive aggregates. Thus, we show, by probing a large number of cell types, that cell aggregates behave like complex materials, undergoing a transition from a wet granular to contractile network, and that this transition is controlled by cell-cell interactions.
ISSN:1744-683X
1744-6848
DOI:10.1039/c4sm00202d