Staphylococcus aureus mobile genetic elements

Among the bacteria groups, most of them are known to be beneficial to human being whereas only a minority is being recognized as harmful. The pathogenicity of bacteria is due, in part, to their rapid adaptation in the presence of selective pressures exerted by the human host. In addition, through th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular biology reports 2014-08, Vol.41 (8), p.5005-5018
Main Authors: Alibayov, Babek, Baba-Moussa, Lamine, Sina, Haziz, Zdeňková, Kamila, Demnerová, Kateřina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal Anatomy
Animal Biochemistry
antibiotic resistance
bacteria
bacteriophages
Bacteriophages - genetics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Chromosomes, Bacterial - genetics
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA Transposable Elements - genetics
Drug resistance
environmental factors
evolution
Gene Transfer, Horizontal - genetics
genes
Genomic Islands - genetics
Histology
horizontal gene transfer
Humans
Interspersed Repetitive Sequences - genetics
Life Sciences
Molecular biology
Morphology
mutation
Pathogenesis
pathogenicity islands
plasmids
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus - genetics
Staphylococcus infections
transposons
virulence
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Summary:Among the bacteria groups, most of them are known to be beneficial to human being whereas only a minority is being recognized as harmful. The pathogenicity of bacteria is due, in part, to their rapid adaptation in the presence of selective pressures exerted by the human host. In addition, through their genomes, bacteria are subject to mutations, various rearrangements or horizontal gene transfer among and/or within bacterial species. Bacteria’s essential metabolic functions are generally encoding by the core genes. Apart of the core genes, there are several number of mobile genetic elements (MGE) acquired by horizontal gene transfer that might be beneficial under certain environmental conditions. These MGE namely bacteriophages, transposons, plasmids, and pathogenicity islands represent about 15 % Staphylococcus aureus genomes. The acquisition of most of the MGE is made by horizontal genomic islands (GEI), recognized as discrete DNA segments between closely related strains, transfer. The GEI contributes to the wide spread of microorganisms with an important effect on their genome plasticity and evolution. The GEI are also involve in the antibiotics resistance and virulence genes dissemination. In this review, we summarize the mobile genetic elements of S. aureus.
ISSN:0301-4851
1573-4978
DOI:10.1007/s11033-014-3367-3