Impact of urinary cadmium on mortality in the Japanese general population in cadmium non-polluted areas

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dose–effect relationship between urinary cadmium (U-Cd as an index of internal Cd exposure) and mortality in a cohort of the Japanese general population. A 19-year cohort study was conducted in 897 men and 1307 women who lived in two non-polluted area...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of hygiene and environmental health 2014-11, Vol.217 (8), p.807-812
Main Authors: Suwazono, Yasushi, Nogawa, Kazuhiro, Morikawa, Yuko, Nishijo, Muneko, Kobayashi, Etsuko, Kido, Teruhiko, Nakagawa, Hideaki, Nogawa, Koji
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding
Biological and medical sciences
Cadmium - adverse effects
Cadmium - urine
Cohort Studies
Cohort study
Cox's proportional hazard model
Environment. Living conditions
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Environmental Exposure - analysis
Environmental Pollutants - adverse effects
Environmental Pollutants - urine
Environmental Pollution
Epidemiology
Female
General aspects
Humans
Incidence
Japan - epidemiology
Life prognosis
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Mortality
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Risk Assessment
Toxicology
Urinary cadmium
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Summary:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the dose–effect relationship between urinary cadmium (U-Cd as an index of internal Cd exposure) and mortality in a cohort of the Japanese general population. A 19-year cohort study was conducted in 897 men and 1307 women who lived in two non-polluted areas in Japan. The subjects were categorized into four quartiles based on creatinine adjusted U-Cd (μg/gcre). Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of the quartiles of U-Cd for mortality was calculated using a proportional hazards regression. Forward stepwise model selection was applied to the potential covariates such as age, body mass index, mean arterial pressure, various lifestyle factors and present illness. The mortality rates per 1000 person years were 27.8 and 12.5 in men and women, respectively. In men, the fourth quartile of U-Cd (≥2.919μg/gcre) showed a significant, positive HR (1.50, 95%CI: 1.11–2.02) for mortality compared to the first quartile (
ISSN:1438-4639
1618-131X
DOI:10.1016/j.ijheh.2014.05.001