Regulatory T cells and other lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with melanoma developing interferon-induced thyroiditis during high-dose interferon- alpha 2b treatment

• Published in: Clinical endocrinology (Oxford) 2013-04, Vol.78 (4), p.621-628
• Main Authors: Soldevila, Berta, Alonso, Nuria, Martinez-Arconada, Maria J, Granada, Maria L, Boada, Aram, Vallejos, Virginia, Fraile, Manuel, Fernandez-Sanmartin, Marco A, Pujol-Borrell, Ricardo, Puig-Domingo, Manel, Sanmarti, Anna, Martinez-Caceres, Eva M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0300-0664; 1365-2265
• DOI: 10.1111/cen.12036

Context One of the side effects of interferon-alpha therapy is interferon-induced thyroiditis (IIT). The role of lymphocyte subpopulations in IIT melanoma patients remains to be defined. Objective Our objective was to assess different peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations, mainly regulatory T cells (Tregs), in melanoma patients who developed IIT. Design, patients and methods From 30 melanoma patients receiving high-dose interferon (HDI)-alpha 2b (IFN- alpha 2b) treatment, those who developed IIT (IIT patients) were selected and compared with patients who did not develop IIT (Co-MM) and healthy controls (Co-H). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained before treatment (BT), mid-treatment (MT), end of treatment (ET), 24 weeks post-treatment and at appearance of IIT (TT). Results Nine patients developed IIT (30%): four Hashimoto's thyroiditis and five destructive thyroiditis. An increase in Tregs was observed in both melanoma groups during HDI treatment. A decrease in CD3 super(+), NKT lymphocyte subpopulations and Bcl2 expression on B cells was also observed in both groups. However, no changes were observed in the percentage of CD4 super(+), CD8 super(+), CD3 super(+)[gamma][delta] super(+), CD19 super(+), transitional B cells (CD24 super(high)CD38 super(high)CD19 super(+)CD27 super(-)), natural killer (NK), invariant NKT (iNKT) lymphocytes and Th1/Th2 balance when BT was compared with ET. At TT, IIT patients had a higher Tregs percentage than Co-MM (P = 0.012) and Co-H (P = 0.004), a higher iNKT percentage than Co-MM (P = 0.011), a higher transitional B cells percentage than Co-H (P = 0.015), a lower CD3 super(+) percentage than Co-H (P = 0.001) and a lower Bcl2 expression on B cells than Co-H (P < 0.001). Conclusions Our results point to the immunomodulatory effects of IFN- alpha on different lymphocyte subpopulations and a possible role of Tregs in melanoma patients who developed IIT.