Improving the electrochemical performance of titanium phosphate-based electrodes in sodium batteries by lithium substitution

Li sub(1-x)Na sub(x)Ti sub(2)(PO sub(4)) sub(3) (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 1) samples were prepared with a carbon precursor to improve their electrical conducting properties. High purity samples were indexed in the R3&cmb.macr; c space group for the whole range. On substitu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability Materials for energy and sustainability, 2013-01, Vol.1 (44), p.13963-13969
Main Authors: Aragón, María José, Vidal-Abarca, Candela, Lavela, Pedro, Tirado, José Luis
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anisotropy
Carbon
Electrode materials
Electrodes
Lithium
Sodium
Sustainability
Unit cell
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Summary:Li sub(1-x)Na sub(x)Ti sub(2)(PO sub(4)) sub(3) (0 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 1) samples were prepared with a carbon precursor to improve their electrical conducting properties. High purity samples were indexed in the R3&cmb.macr; c space group for the whole range. On substituting lithium with sodium, the unit cell dimensions anisotropically increased while the local environment of phosphorus was barely affected. The substitution of lithium with sodium involved an increase in the first discharge capacity to 131.8 mA h g super(-1) for the sample with x= 0.50. Larger sodium contents induced a capacity decrease. The low resistance values recorded for Li sub(0.5)Na sub(0.5)Ti sub(2)(PO sub(4)) sub(3) explain the exceptional capacity retention during a long cycling period. The significant improvement in electrode performance found for the latter composition offers a new strategy for optimizing electrode materials for sodium batteries.
ISSN:2050-7488
2050-7496
DOI:10.1039/c3ta12849k